Low Probability of Interception Signal Transmission Based on 4D Antenna Arrays

A new technique offering the low probability of interception (LPI) ability improvement of radar systems based on 4D antenna arrays is presented. Conventional radar systems usually utilize modulated waveforms and directional antennas to transmit electromagnetic wave and receive the echo signals to obtain the range and velocity information of targets. The purpose of LPI design is to keep the eavesdropping guessing until it is too late. Until now, most of the studies on LPI are based on design of LPI waveforms. In this paper, the advantage of multi-dimensional control of 4D antenna arrays is utilized to improve the LPI performance of radar. By maintaining the signals distorted pseudorandomly in non-detecting directions, the studies show that 4D antenna arrays are capable of hiding radar signal characteristics and thus decreasing the probability of being intercepted. Numerical results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.