Abstract Repair of bone and dental injuries and disorders is currently one of the main areas in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. There are a range of biodegradable materials for the repair of these hard tissues. Among different materials, nanostructured biomaterials have demonstrated promising results. These type of nanoengineered biomaterials have shown superior advantages over conventional materials for bone and dental tissue engineering. Nano-scale components are also favorable to cell interactions, resulting in rapid cell attachment on the material's surfaces. Although this field of research is in its infancy, the potential to launch a new class of biomaterials in nano-scales is expected to meet more considerable future researches.