Optimal power flow solution of two-terminal HVDC systems using genetic algorithm

The usage extensively of high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission links in recent years makes it necessary further work in this area. Therefore, two-terminal HVDC transmission link is one of most important elements in electrical power systems. HVDC link representation is mostly ignored and simplified for optimal power flow (OPF) studies in power systems. OPF problem of purely alternating current (AC) power systems is defined as minimization of the fuel cost to subjected equality and inequality constraints. Hence, OPF software of purely AC power systems is extended by taking into consideration power transfer control characteristics of HVDC links. In this paper, OPF problem of integrated AC–DC power systems is first solved by genetic algorithm that is a heuristic algorithm based on evolutionary. The proposed method is tested on two test systems which are the modified 5-node test system and the modified WSCC 9-bus test system. In order to show effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method, the obtained results are compared to that reported in the literature.

[1]  D. E. Goldberg,et al.  Optimization and Machine Learning , 2022 .

[2]  D.A. Braunagel,et al.  Inclusion of DC converter and transmission equations directly in a Newton power flow , 1976, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[3]  Mohd Wazir Mustafa,et al.  A modified approach for load flow analysis of integrated AC-DC power systems , 2000, 2000 TENCON Proceedings. Intelligent Systems and Technologies for the New Millennium (Cat. No.00CH37119).

[4]  M. El-marsafawy,et al.  A New, Fast Technique for Load-Flow Solution of Integrated Multi-Terminal DC/AC Systems , 1980, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[5]  R. Bacher,et al.  Unlimited point algorithm for OPF problems. Discussion , 1999 .

[6]  Enrique Acha,et al.  High voltage direct current modelling in optimal power flows , 2008 .

[7]  J. Arrillaga,et al.  Improved load-flow techniques for integrated a.c.-d.c. systems , 1969 .

[8]  William F. Tinney,et al.  Optimal Power Flow Solutions , 1968 .

[9]  P. S. Dokopoulos,et al.  Network-Constrained Economic Dispatch Using Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm , 2002, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[10]  John H. Holland,et al.  Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence , 1992 .

[11]  G. L. Torres,et al.  An interior-point method for nonlinear optimal power flow using voltage rectangular coordinates , 1998 .

[12]  R. Bacher,et al.  Unlimited point algorithm for OPF problems , 1997, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Power Industry Computer Applications.

[13]  Vassilios Petridis,et al.  Optimal power flow by enhanced genetic algorithm , 2002 .

[14]  B. Stott,et al.  Versatile load flow method for multiterminal HVDC systems , 1977, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[15]  D. E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithms in Search , 1989 .

[16]  R. Yokoyama,et al.  Improved genetic algorithms for optimal power flow under both normal and contingent operation states , 1997 .

[17]  Enrique Acha,et al.  FACTS: Modelling and Simulation in Power Networks , 2004 .

[18]  J. Nanda,et al.  New optimal power-dispatch algorithm using Fletcher's quadratic programming method , 1989 .

[19]  T. Numnonda,et al.  Optimal power dispatch in multinode electricity market using genetic algorithm , 1999 .

[20]  Kenji Iba.  Reactive power optimization by genetic algorithm , 1993 .

[21]  B. Stott,et al.  Further developments in LP-based optimal power flow , 1990 .

[22]  Arzu Şencan Şahin,et al.  Optimization of heat pump using fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm , 2011 .

[23]  Kit Po Wong,et al.  Evolutionary programming based optimal power flow algorithm , 1999 .

[24]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithms in Search Optimization and Machine Learning , 1988 .

[25]  Hua Wei,et al.  An interior point nonlinear programming for optimal power flow problems with a novel data structure , 1997 .

[26]  Tarek Bouktir,et al.  A Genetic Algorithm for Solving the Optimal Power Flow Problem , 2004 .

[27]  G. Radman,et al.  Integrated AC/DC systems power flow solution using Newton-Raphson and Broyden approaches , 2005, Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Southeastern Symposium on System Theory, 2005. SSST '05..

[28]  P. Kundur,et al.  Power system stability and control , 1994 .

[29]  G. Sheblé,et al.  Genetic algorithm solution of economic dispatch with valve point loading , 1993 .

[30]  C. Ong,et al.  A Simple and Efficient AC-DC Load-Flow Method for Multiterminal DC Systems , 1981, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[31]  Mimoun Younes,et al.  Optimal Power Flow Based on Hybrid Genetic Algorithm , 2007, J. Inf. Sci. Eng..

[32]  L. L. Grigsby,et al.  A new approach to AC/DC power flow , 1991 .