People of Color

The HIV epidemic in the United States has heavily impacted people of color, particularly Blacks/African-Americans and Latinos/Hispanics. This chapter focuses on the impact of HIV disease on these groups, with major emphasis on the ways in which culturally competent outreach, prevention, and treatment programs can be designed to reach them. The chapter cites examples of strategies and programs that have been effective in reaching African-Americans and Hispanics. The primary reasons for the lower socioeconomic status (SES) of older African-Americans are patterns of limited employment opportunities and periods of unemployment throughout their lives. They have been concentrated in low-paying, sporadic service jobs with few benefits and no coverage by Social Security prior to the 1950s. The African-American participants in the survey project were found to be severely socioeconomically disadvantaged. The chapter addresses the barriers to effective outreach among African-Americans and the challenges associated with providing HIV-related services for Hispanic populations.

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