Power grid inherent structural characteristic-based power distribution network optimal reactive compensation method

The invention discloses a power grid inherent structural characteristic-based power distribution network optimal reactive compensation method. The method includes the following steps that: a subsystem is divided with reactive power compensation nodes adopted as decomposition points according to local reactive power balancing principles, and reactive power compensation capacity is determined in the subsystem based on inherent structural characteristics of a power grid, and therefore, optimal compensation of the operation of a system can be determined; with the reactive power compensation capacity limited, a heuristic type push-back algorithm is adopted to perform correction and compensation according to a situation whether the sum of node types of the system is vacant; and load flow is calculated, and according to the calculated load flow or current load flow measurement, and based on a characteristic that structural adjustment of the power rid is carried out so as to adapt to the source flow of the system, simplification is performed, and full-grid reactive power compensation optimization with minimum grid loss as a goal can be realized, and a solution space is traversed, so that a compensation scheme can be determined. The power grid inherent structural characteristic-based power distribution network optimal reactive compensation method of the invention can be applied to distribution network capacitor fast optimal decision making, and play an important role in power distribution network optimal reactive power compensation, and provide technical support for intelligent development of the power distribution system.