Taurine protects against oxidant injury to rat alveolar pneumocytes.

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an unusual amino acid found in a wide variety of animal species. Its precise role in human and animal nutrition has remained unclear despite intensive investigation. Recently, however, evidence has accumulated supporting the hypothesis that taurine protects cellular membranes against toxic compounds, including bile acids, xenobiotics, and oxidants. In different experimental systems, taurine has been demonstrated to act as a direct (primary) antioxidant that scavenges oxygen-free radicals and as an indirect (secondary) antioxidant that prevents changes in ion transport and membrane permeability which result from oxidant injury1–3

[1]  A. Hofmann,et al.  Metabolism of [35S]taurine in man. , 1975, The Journal of nutrition.

[2]  R. Gordon,et al.  Taurine protects hamster bronchioles from acute NO2-induced alterations. A histologic, ultrastructural, and freeze-fracture study. , 1986, The American journal of pathology.

[3]  I. Rietjens,et al.  Influence of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and membrane fluidity on ozone and nitrogen dioxide sensitivity of rat alveolar macrophages. , 1987, Journal of toxicology and environmental health.

[4]  D. Tierney,et al.  Biochemical and metabolic changes in the lung with oxygen, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide toxicity. , 2015, The American review of respiratory disease.

[5]  K. Hayes,et al.  Taurine in metabolism. , 1981, Annual review of nutrition.

[6]  R. Ehrlich,et al.  Effects of repeated exposures to peak concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and ozone on resistance to streptococcal pneumonia. , 1979, Journal of toxicology and environmental health.

[7]  B. Wallaert,et al.  Prevention of in vitro oxidant-mediated alveolar macrophage injury by cellular glutathione and precursors. , 1987, Bulletin europeen de physiopathologie respiratoire.

[8]  P. van Bladeren,et al.  The role of glutathione and glutathione S-transferases in fatty acid ozonide detoxification. , 1987, Chemico-biological interactions.

[9]  W. G. Martin,et al.  Ozone-induced lipid peroxidation and membrane leakage in isolated rat alveolar macrophages: protective effects of taurine , 1991 .

[10]  J. Nunn,et al.  Effects of oxygen on pulmonary macrophages and alveolar epithelial type II cells in culture. , 1980, Respiration physiology.

[11]  W. Read,et al.  STUDIES ON SOME CARDIAC EFFECT OF TAURINE. , 1964, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[12]  A. Dowell,et al.  Rabbit alveolar macrophage damage caused by in vivo ozone inhalation. , 1971, Archives of environmental health.

[13]  C. Cross,et al.  Effect of low levels of ozone on rat lungs. I. Biochemical responses during recovery and reexposure. , 1976, Experimental and molecular pathology.

[14]  P. Borum.  Taurine Biological Actions and Clinical Perspectives , 1986 .

[15]  R. Valentine.  An in vitro system for exposure of lung cells to gases: effects of ozone on rat macrophages. , 1985, Journal of toxicology and environmental health.

[16]  H. Tallan,et al.  Taurine: biological update. , 1986, Annual review of biochemistry.

[17]  J. van der Zee,et al.  Toxic effects of ozone on murine L929 fibroblasts. Enzyme inactivation and glutathione depletion. , 1987, The Biochemical journal.

[18]  W. G. Martin,et al.  Effects of in vitro ozone exposure on peroxidative damage, membrane leakage, and taurine content of rat alveolar macrophages. , 1990, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[19]  W. G. Martin,et al.  Taurine uptake by isolated alveolar macrophages and type II cells. , 1989, Journal of applied physiology.

[20]  K. Kuriyama,et al.  Therapeutic and prophylactic effects of taurine administration on experimental liver injury. , 1983, Progress in clinical and biological research.

[21]  B. Goldstein,et al.  Decreased superoxide anion radical production by rat alveolar macrophages following inhalation of ozone or nitrogen dioxide. , 1981, Life sciences.

[22]  J. Kleinerman,et al.  Nitrogen dioxide exposure and alveolar macrophage elastase in hamsters. , 1982, The American review of respiratory disease.

[23]  J. van der Zee,et al.  The influence of ozone on human red blood cells. Comparison with other mechanisms of oxidative stress. , 1987, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[24]  C. Plopper,et al.  Effect of low level of ozone on rat lungs. II. Morphological responses during recovery and re-exposure. , 1978, Experimental and molecular pathology.

[25]  J. White,et al.  Liquid-chromatographic measurement of taurine in cerebrospinal fluid of normal individuals and patients with meningitis. , 1979, Clinical chemistry.

[26]  W. G. Martin,et al.  Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography technique for taurine quantitation. , 1988, Journal of Chromatography A.

[27]  B. Chance,et al.  Oxygen toxicity in the perfused rat liver and lung under hyperbaric conditions. , 1976, The Biochemical journal.