Wind farm reactive power output optimization for loss reduction and voltage profile improvements

In recent years, the number of small size wind farms used as DG sources located within the distribution system are rapidly increasing. In this paper, wind farm made up with doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) is proposed as the continuous reactive power source to support system voltage control due to the reactive power control capability of DFIG. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) is utilized to find wind farm optimal reactive power output for distribution system losses reduction and voltage profiles improvement. Finally, the three feeder distribution system is used as a test case to evaluate the algorithm.

[1]  A. Tapia,et al.  Proportional–Integral Regulator-Based Approach to Wind Farm Reactive Power Management for Secondary Voltage Control , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[2]  Luis M. Fernández,et al.  Aggregated dynamic model for wind farms with doubly fed induction generator wind turbines , 2008 .

[3]  J.A.P. Lopes,et al.  Optimum generation control in wind parks when carrying out system operator requests , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[4]  R. A. Lakin,et al.  A vector-controlled doubly-fed induction generator for a variable-speed wind turbine application , 1997 .

[5]  Yue Shi,et al.  A modified particle swarm optimizer , 1998, 1998 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation Proceedings. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (Cat. No.98TH8360).

[6]  J. X. Ostolaza,et al.  Reactive power control of wind farms for voltage control applications , 2004 .

[7]  Julio Usaola,et al.  Incidence on Power System Dynamics of High Penetration of Fixed Speed and Doubly Fed Wind Energy Systems: Study of the Spanish Case , 2002, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[8]  Henrik Lund,et al.  Modelling of energy systems with a high percentage of CHP and wind power , 2003 .

[9]  James Kennedy,et al.  Particle swarm optimization , 2002, Proceedings of ICNN'95 - International Conference on Neural Networks.

[10]  G. Tapia,et al.  Reactive power control of a wind farm made up with doubly fed induction generators. I , 2001, 2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Proceedings (Cat. No.01EX502).

[11]  Jon Clare,et al.  Vector Control of a Variable Speed Doubly-Fed Induction Machine for Wind Generation Systems , 1996 .

[12]  J. J. Grainger,et al.  Distribution feeder reconfiguration for loss reduction , 1988 .

[13]  Magnus Korpaas,et al.  Operation and sizing of energy storage for wind power plants in a market system , 2003 .

[14]  A. Tapia,et al.  Two Alternative Modeling Approaches for the Evaluation of Wind Farm Active and Reactive Power Performances , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[15]  Henrik Lund,et al.  Large-scale integration of wind power into different energy systems , 2005 .

[16]  D. Santos-Martin,et al.  Reactive power capability of doubly fed asynchronous generators , 2008 .