Nanostructured Metal Oxides and Sulfides for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries with high energy density and long cycle life are considered to be one of the most promising next‐generation energy‐storage systems beyond routine lithium‐ion batteries. Various approaches have been proposed to break down technical barriers in Li–S battery systems. The use of nanostructured metal oxides and sulfides for high sulfur utilization and long life span of Li–S batteries is reviewed here. The relationships between the intrinsic properties of metal oxide/sulfide hosts and electrochemical performances of Li–S batteries are discussed. Nanostructured metal oxides/sulfides hosts used in solid sulfur cathodes, separators/interlayers, lithium‐metal‐anode protection, and lithium polysulfides batteries are discussed respectively. Prospects for the future developments of Li–S batteries with nanostructured metal oxides/sulfides are also discussed.

[1]  Weimin Kang,et al.  A review on separators for lithiumsulfur battery: Progress and prospects , 2016 .

[2]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  A Cooperative Interface for Highly Efficient Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2016, Advanced materials.

[3]  Yitai Qian,et al.  A simple melting-diffusing-reacting strategy to fabricate S/NiS2-C for lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2016, Nanoscale.

[4]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Enhanced Electrochemical Kinetics on Conductive Polar Mediators for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[5]  Xin-Bing Cheng,et al.  Lithium metal protection through in-situ formed solid electrolyte interphase in lithium-sulfur batteries: The role of polysulfides on lithium anode , 2016 .

[6]  Shuangyin Wang,et al.  The enhancement of polysulfide absorbsion in LiS batteries by hierarchically porous CoS2/carbon paper interlayer , 2016 .

[7]  Yan‐Bing He,et al.  Chemical Dealloying Derived 3D Porous Current Collector for Li Metal Anodes , 2016, Advanced materials.

[8]  Yitai Qian,et al.  SnS2- Compared to SnO2-Stabilized S/C Composites toward High-Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[9]  Yayuan Liu,et al.  Layered reduced graphene oxide with nanoscale interlayer gaps as a stable host for lithium metal anodes. , 2016, Nature nanotechnology.

[10]  Guangmin Zhou,et al.  Understanding the interactions between lithium polysulfides and N-doped graphene using density functional theory calculations , 2016 .

[11]  Z. Wen,et al.  Trimethylsilyl Chloride-Modified Li Anode for Enhanced Performance of Li-S Cells. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[12]  Yibo Wang,et al.  Flexible, solid-state, ion-conducting membrane with 3D garnet nanofiber networks for lithium batteries , 2016, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[13]  Jin Ge,et al.  Free-Standing Copper Nanowire Network Current Collector for Improving Lithium Anode Performance. , 2016, Nano letters.

[14]  Tingzheng Hou,et al.  Design Principles for Heteroatom-Doped Nanocarbon to Achieve Strong Anchoring of Polysulfides for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. , 2016, Small.

[15]  Rongming Wang,et al.  Atomic layer deposited TiO2 on a nitrogen-doped graphene/sulfur electrode for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries , 2016 .

[16]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  Balancing surface adsorption and diffusion of lithium-polysulfides on nonconductive oxides for lithium–sulfur battery design , 2016, Nature Communications.

[17]  Rui Zhang,et al.  Li2S5-based ternary-salt electrolyte for robust lithium metal anode , 2016 .

[18]  Xin-Bing Cheng,et al.  Dendrite‐Free Lithium Deposition Induced by Uniformly Distributed Lithium Ions for Efficient Lithium Metal Batteries , 2016, Advanced materials.

[19]  Shaojun Guo,et al.  Rational Design of Si/SiO2@Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres as Efficient Polysulfide Reservoirs for High‐Performance Li–S Battery , 2016, Advanced materials.

[20]  L. Nazar,et al.  In Situ Reactive Assembly of Scalable Core-Shell Sulfur-MnO2 Composite Cathodes. , 2016, ACS nano.

[21]  Shengbo Zhang,et al.  Pyrite FeS2 as an efficient adsorbent of lithium polysulphide for improved lithium–sulphur batteries , 2016 .

[22]  Q. Jiang,et al.  Hierarchical TiO2 spheres as highly efficient polysulfide host for lithium-sulfur batteries , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[23]  Xin-Bing Cheng,et al.  Conductive Nanostructured Scaffolds Render Low Local Current Density to Inhibit Lithium Dendrite Growth , 2016, Advanced materials.

[24]  Yu-Guo Guo,et al.  An Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes , 2016, Advanced materials.

[25]  Xueliang Li,et al.  Anchoring function for polysulfide ions of ultrasmall SnS2 in hollow carbon nanospheres for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries , 2016 .

[26]  J. Janek,et al.  Tuning Transition Metal Oxide–Sulfur Interactions for Long Life Lithium Sulfur Batteries: The “Goldilocks” Principle , 2016 .

[27]  Z. Wen,et al.  Electronic and ionic co-conductive coating on the separator towards high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries , 2016 .

[28]  Yi Cui,et al.  Composite lithium metal anode by melt infusion of lithium into a 3D conducting scaffold with lithiophilic coating , 2016, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[29]  Dipan Kundu,et al.  A graphene-like metallic cathode host for long-life and high-loading lithium–sulfur batteries , 2016 .

[30]  Ya‐Xia Yin,et al.  Wet Chemistry Synthesis of Multidimensional Nanocarbon-Sulfur Hybrid Materials with Ultrahigh Sulfur Loading for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[31]  Fengxia Geng,et al.  W18O49 nanowire composites as novel barrier layers for Li–S batteries based on high loading of commercial micro-sized sulfur , 2016 .

[32]  Feng Li,et al.  3D Graphene‐Foam–Reduced‐Graphene‐Oxide Hybrid Nested Hierarchical Networks for High‐Performance Li–S Batteries , 2016, Advanced materials.

[33]  Yan Yu,et al.  Facile Solid‐State Growth of 3D Well‐Interconnected Nitrogen‐Rich Carbon Nanotube–Graphene Hybrid Architectures for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2016 .

[34]  A. Grimaud,et al.  Anionic redox processes for electrochemical devices. , 2016, Nature materials.

[35]  X. Lou,et al.  Metal Sulfide Hollow Nanostructures for Electrochemical Energy Storage , 2016 .

[36]  Hui Cao,et al.  Hierarchical sulfur-impregnated hydrogenated TiO2 mesoporous spheres comprising anatase nanosheets with highly exposed (001) facets for advanced Li-S batteries , 2016, Nanotechnology.

[37]  Yuegang Zhang,et al.  Chemical routes toward long-lasting lithium/sulfur cells , 2016, Nano Research.

[38]  Zhe Yuan,et al.  Powering Lithium-Sulfur Battery Performance by Propelling Polysulfide Redox at Sulfiphilic Hosts. , 2016, Nano letters.

[39]  Jinghui Zeng,et al.  All Inorganic Frameworks of Tin Dioxide Shell as Cathode Material for Lithium Sulfur Batteries with Improved Cycle Performance , 2015 .

[40]  S. Yao,et al.  Mg0.6Ni0.4O hollow nanofibers prepared by electrospinning as additive for improving electrochemical performance of lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[41]  Mark Wild,et al.  Lithium sulfur batteries, a mechanistic review , 2015 .

[42]  Rui Zhang,et al.  A Review of Solid Electrolyte Interphases on Lithium Metal Anode , 2015, Advanced science.

[43]  Jiaqi Huang,et al.  Multi-functional separator/interlayer system for high-stable lithium-sulfur batteries: Progress and prospects , 2015 .

[44]  Joong-Kee Lee,et al.  Coating of sulfur particles with manganese oxide nanowires as a cathode material in lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[45]  G. Shi,et al.  Graphene materials for lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[46]  X. Lou,et al.  Hollow Carbon Nanofibers Filled with MnO2 Nanosheets as Efficient Sulfur Hosts for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[47]  Zhengyuan Tu,et al.  Nanostructured electrolytes for stable lithium electrodeposition in secondary batteries. , 2015, Accounts of chemical research.

[48]  Jian Jiang,et al.  Encapsulation of sulfur with thin-layered nickel-based hydroxides for long-cyclic lithium–sulfur cells , 2015, Nature Communications.

[49]  Yi Cui,et al.  Magnetic Field-Controlled Lithium Polysulfide Semiliquid Battery with Ferrofluidic Properties. , 2015, Nano letters.

[50]  Xin-Bing Cheng,et al.  Janus Separator of Polypropylene‐Supported Cellular Graphene Framework for Sulfur Cathodes with High Utilization in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2015, Advanced science.

[51]  L. Chai,et al.  Porous carbonized graphene-embedded fungus film as an interlayer for superior Li–S batteries , 2015 .

[52]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  3D Mesoporous Graphene: CVD Self-Assembly on Porous Oxide Templates and Applications in High-Stable Li-S Batteries. , 2015, Small.

[53]  L. Nazar,et al.  A Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual‐Doped Carbon Derived from Polyrhodanine@Cellulose for Advanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2015, Advanced materials.

[54]  W. Lu,et al.  Graphene/Sulfur Hybrid Nanosheets from a Space‐Confined “Sauna” Reaction for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2015, Advanced materials.

[55]  Yueming Sun,et al.  Ternary Hybrid Material for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Battery. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[56]  Kenville E. Hendrickson,et al.  Hybrid cathode architectures for lithium batteries based on TiS2 and sulfur , 2015 .

[57]  Zhian Zhang,et al.  Titanium-dioxide-grafted carbon paper with immobilized sulfur as a flexible free-standing cathode for superior lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[58]  Shiqiang Yan,et al.  The structure–property relationship of manganese oxides: highly efficient removal of methyl orange from aqueous solution , 2015 .

[59]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Designing host materials for sulfur cathodes: from physical confinement to surface chemistry. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[60]  W. Lu,et al.  Fabrication of a novel TiO2/S composite cathode for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[61]  Ya‐Xia Yin,et al.  Accommodating lithium into 3D current collectors with a submicron skeleton towards long-life lithium metal anodes , 2015, Nature Communications.

[62]  温兆银,et al.  CeO 2 纳米晶的添加对锂硫电池电化学性能的影响 , 2015 .

[63]  Feng Wu,et al.  3D coral-like nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon-sulfur composite for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[64]  X. Tao,et al.  Absorption mechanism of carbon-nanotube paper-titanium dioxide as a multifunctional barrier material for lithium-sulfur batteries , 2015, Nano Research.

[65]  Xingxing Gu,et al.  A porous nitrogen and phosphorous dual doped graphene blocking layer for high performance Li–S batteries , 2015 .

[66]  Jens Tübke,et al.  Lithium–Sulfur Cells: The Gap between the State‐of‐the‐Art and the Requirements for High Energy Battery Cells , 2015 .

[67]  Jun Lu,et al.  Progress in Mechanistic Understanding and Characterization Techniques of Li‐S Batteries , 2015 .

[68]  D. Aurbach,et al.  Review on Li‐Sulfur Battery Systems: an Integral Perspective , 2015 .

[69]  Jianming Zheng,et al.  High Energy Density Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Challenges of Thick Sulfur Cathodes , 2015 .

[70]  Wu Xu,et al.  Anodes for Rechargeable Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries , 2015 .

[71]  A. Manthiram,et al.  Polymer lithium–sulfur batteries with a Nafion membrane and an advanced sulfur electrode , 2015 .

[72]  Arumugam Manthiram,et al.  Long-life Li/polysulphide batteries with high sulphur loading enabled by lightweight three-dimensional nitrogen/sulphur-codoped graphene sponge , 2015, Nature Communications.

[73]  A. Manthiram,et al.  Insight into lithium–metal anodes in lithium–sulfur batteries with a fluorinated ether electrolyte , 2015 .

[74]  Zhongwei Chen,et al.  Interaction mechanism between a functionalized protective layer and dissolved polysulfide for extended cycle life of lithium sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[75]  Jiaqiang Huang,et al.  Novel interlayer made from Fe3C/carbon nanofiber webs for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[76]  B. Wei,et al.  Advanced engineering of nanostructured carbons for lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[77]  Chenggang Zhou,et al.  Enabling Prominent High‐Rate and Cycle Performances in One Lithium–Sulfur Battery: Designing Permselective Gateways for Li+ Transportation in Holey‐CNT/S Cathodes , 2015, Advanced materials.

[78]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  The synergetic effect of lithium polysulfide and lithium nitrate to prevent lithium dendrite growth , 2015, Nature Communications.

[79]  Rui Zhang,et al.  Dual-Phase Lithium Metal Anode Containing a Polysulfide-Induced Solid Electrolyte Interphase and Nanostructured Graphene Framework for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. , 2015, ACS nano.

[80]  Yunbo Zhang,et al.  A graphene-oxide-based thin coating on the separator: an efficient barrier towards high-stable lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[81]  Xueping Gao,et al.  Protected lithium anode with porous Al2O3 layer for lithium–sulfur battery , 2015 .

[82]  Tengfei Cao,et al.  Structures, stabilities, and electronic properties of defects in monolayer black phosphorus , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[83]  Zhian Zhang,et al.  A bimodal porous carbon with high surface area supported selenium cathode for advanced Li–Se batteries , 2015 .

[84]  Xiaogang Han,et al.  Next-Generation Lithium Metal Anode Engineering via Atomic Layer Deposition. , 2015, ACS nano.

[85]  Yi Cui,et al.  Understanding the Anchoring Effect of Two-Dimensional Layered Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. , 2015, Nano letters.

[86]  Q. Qu,et al.  Strong Surface‐Bound Sulfur in Conductive MoO2 Matrix for Enhancing Li–S Battery Performance , 2015 .

[87]  Shaoming Huang,et al.  A Lightweight TiO2/Graphene Interlayer, Applied as a Highly Effective Polysulfide Absorbent for Fast, Long‐Life Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2015, Advanced materials.

[88]  Zhengcheng Zhang,et al.  Understanding the effect of a fluorinated ether on the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[89]  M. Ozkan,et al.  SiO2-coated sulfur particles with mildly reduced graphene oxide as a cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2015, Nanoscale.

[90]  Yongyao Xia,et al.  A scalable hybrid separator for a high performance lithium-sulfur battery. , 2015, Chemical communications.

[91]  G. Hu,et al.  A trilayer carbon nanotube/Al2O3/polypropylene separator for lithium-sulfur batteries , 2015, Ionics.

[92]  L. An,et al.  Fabrication of layered Ti3C2 with an accordion-like structure as a potential cathode material for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[93]  Jun Lu,et al.  Strong lithium polysulfide chemisorption on electroactive sites of nitrogen-doped carbon composites for high-performance lithium-sulfur battery cathodes. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[94]  Xiao Liang,et al.  Sulfur cathodes based on conductive MXene nanosheets for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[95]  Tingzheng Hou,et al.  The formation of strong-couple interactions between nitrogen-doped graphene and sulfur/lithium (poly)sulfides in lithium-sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[96]  G. Shi,et al.  Dual-protection of a graphene-sulfur composite by a compact graphene skin and an atomic layer deposited oxide coating for a lithium-sulfur battery. , 2015, Nanoscale.

[97]  A. Manthiram,et al.  Free-standing TiO2 nanowire-embedded graphene hybrid membrane for advanced Li/dissolved polysulfide batteries , 2015 .

[98]  Arumugam Manthiram,et al.  Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Progress and Prospects , 2015, Advanced materials.

[99]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Permselective graphene oxide membrane for highly stable and anti-self-discharge lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2015, ACS nano.

[100]  Huamin Zhang,et al.  Steam-etched spherical carbon/sulfur composite with high sulfur capacity and long cycle life for Li/S battery application. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[101]  Dipan Kundu,et al.  Rational design of sulphur host materials for Li-S batteries: correlating lithium polysulphide adsorptivity and self-discharge capacity loss. , 2015, Chemical communications.

[102]  Yi-Chun Lu,et al.  Sulphur-impregnated flow cathode to enable high-energy-density lithium flow batteries , 2015, Nature Communications.

[103]  Xiao Liang,et al.  A highly efficient polysulfide mediator for lithium–sulfur batteries , 2015, Nature Communications.

[104]  A. Manthiram,et al.  Sulfur/lithium-insertion compound composite cathodes for Li–S batteries , 2014 .

[105]  W. Han,et al.  Prussian blue-derived Fe2O3/sulfur composite cathode for lithium-sulfur batteries , 2014 .

[106]  Yi Cui,et al.  High electrochemical selectivity of edge versus terrace sites in two-dimensional layered MoS2 materials. , 2014, Nano letters.

[107]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Dendrite-free nanostructured anode: entrapment of lithium in a 3D fibrous matrix for ultra-stable lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2014, Small.

[108]  A. Manthiram,et al.  A Polyethylene Glycol‐Supported Microporous Carbon Coating as a Polysulfide Trap for Utilizing Pure Sulfur Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2014, Advanced materials.

[109]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Hierarchical Vine‐Tree‐Like Carbon Nanotube Architectures: In‐Situ CVD Self‐Assembly and Their Use as Robust Scaffolds for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries , 2014, Advanced materials.

[110]  W. Cho,et al.  The effect of V2O5/C additive on the suppression of polysulfide dissolution in Li-sulfur batteries , 2014, Journal of Electroceramics.

[111]  Lin Xu,et al.  Nanowire electrodes for electrochemical energy storage devices. , 2014, Chemical reviews.

[112]  Tingzheng Hou,et al.  Strongly Coupled Interfaces between a Heterogeneous Carbon Host and a Sulfur‐Containing Guest for Highly Stable Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries: Mechanistic Insight into Capacity Degradation , 2014 .

[113]  Zhe Yuan,et al.  Hierarchical Free‐Standing Carbon‐Nanotube Paper Electrodes with Ultrahigh Sulfur‐Loading for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2014 .

[114]  Zhixin Chen,et al.  TiO2 coated three-dimensional hierarchically ordered porous sulfur electrode for the lithium/sulfur rechargeable batteries , 2014 .

[115]  X. Lou,et al.  Enhancing lithium–sulphur battery performance by strongly binding the discharge products on amino-functionalized reduced graphene oxide , 2014, Nature Communications.

[116]  Jung Ho Yu,et al.  Two-dimensional layered transition metal disulphides for effective encapsulation of high-capacity lithium sulphide cathodes , 2014, Nature Communications.

[117]  Yi Cui,et al.  Improved lithium–sulfur batteries with a conductive coating on the separator to prevent the accumulation of inactive S-related species at the cathode–separator interface , 2014 .

[118]  S. Chu,et al.  Ultrathin two-dimensional atomic crystals as stable interfacial layer for improvement of lithium metal anode. , 2014, Nano letters.

[119]  A. Manthiram,et al.  Bifunctional Separator with a Light‐Weight Carbon‐Coating for Dynamically and Statically Stable Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries , 2014 .

[120]  Xin-Bing Cheng,et al.  Nitrogen‐Doped Aligned Carbon Nanotube/Graphene Sandwiches: Facile Catalytic Growth on Bifunctional Natural Catalysts and Their Applications as Scaffolds for High‐Rate Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries , 2014, Advanced materials.

[121]  Dipan Kundu,et al.  Surface-enhanced redox chemistry of polysulphides on a metallic and polar host for lithium-sulphur batteries , 2014, Nature Communications.

[122]  Song Jin,et al.  Earth-Abundant Metal Pyrites (FeS2, CoS2, NiS2, and Their Alloys) for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution and Polysulfide Reduction Electrocatalysis , 2014, The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces.

[123]  Jun Lu,et al.  An effective approach to protect lithium anode and improve cycle performance for Li-S batteries. , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[124]  Yi Cui,et al.  Strong sulfur binding with conducting Magnéli-phase Ti(n)O2(n-1) nanomaterials for improving lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2014, Nano letters.

[125]  Xiyuan Chen,et al.  Self-adaptive strain-relaxation optimization for high-energy lithium storage material through crumpling of graphene , 2014, Nature Communications.

[126]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  Interconnected hollow carbon nanospheres for stable lithium metal anodes. , 2014, Nature nanotechnology.

[127]  Wei Li,et al.  Rational design of a metal–organic framework host for sulfur storage in fast, long-cycle Li–S batteries , 2014 .

[128]  Arumugam Manthiram,et al.  Rechargeable lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2014, Chemical reviews.

[129]  R. Li,et al.  Nanoscale stabilization of Li–sulfur batteries by atomic layer deposited Al2O3 , 2014 .

[130]  Song Jin,et al.  High-performance electrocatalysis using metallic cobalt pyrite (CoS₂) micro- and nanostructures. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[131]  Shengping Wang,et al.  Sulfur/ Co 3 O 4 nanotube composite with high performances as cathode materials for lithium sulfur batteries , 2014 .

[132]  Jun Liu,et al.  V2O5 Polysulfide Anion Barrier for Long-Lived Li–S Batteries , 2014 .

[133]  Yi Cui,et al.  Improving lithium–sulphur batteries through spatial control of sulphur species deposition on a hybrid electrode surface , 2014, Nature Communications.

[134]  Zhian Zhang,et al.  Al2O3-coated porous separator for enhanced electrochemical performance of lithium sulfur batteries , 2014 .

[135]  Yi Cui,et al.  Sulfur cathodes with hydrogen reduced titanium dioxide inverse opal structure. , 2014, ACS Nano.

[136]  Jason R. Croy,et al.  Next-generation lithium-ion batteries: The promise of near-term advancements , 2014 .

[137]  Linda F. Nazar,et al.  Lithium-sulfur batteries , 2014 .

[138]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Nanoarchitectured Graphene/CNT@Porous Carbon with Extraordinary Electrical Conductivity and Interconnected Micro/Mesopores for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries , 2014 .

[139]  Jian Liu,et al.  Sulfur/mesoporous carbon composites combined with γ-MnS as cathode materials for lithium/sulfur batteries , 2014, Ionics.

[140]  Chunpeng Yang,et al.  Insight into the effect of boron doping on sulfur/carbon cathode in lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[141]  Lynden A Archer,et al.  Stable lithium electrodeposition in liquid and nanoporous solid electrolytes. , 2014, Nature materials.

[142]  G. Shi,et al.  Performance enhancement of a graphene–sulfur composite as a lithium–sulfur battery electrode by coating with an ultrathin Al2O3 film via atomic layer deposition , 2014 .

[143]  Ji‐Guang Zhang,et al.  Lewis acid-base interactions between polysulfides and metal organic framework in lithium sulfur batteries. , 2014, Nano letters.

[144]  H. Althues,et al.  Reduced polysulfide shuttle in lithium–sulfur batteries using Nafion-based separators , 2014 .

[145]  H. Gasteiger,et al.  Probing the Lithium−Sulfur Redox Reactions: A Rotating-Ring Disk Electrode Study , 2014 .

[146]  Yi Cui,et al.  High-capacity Li2S–graphene oxide composite cathodes with stable cycling performance , 2014 .

[147]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Unstacked double-layer templated graphene for high-rate lithium–sulphur batteries , 2014, Nature Communications.

[148]  Donghai Wang,et al.  Nitrogen‐Doped Mesoporous Carbon Promoted Chemical Adsorption of Sulfur and Fabrication of High‐Areal‐Capacity Sulfur Cathode with Exceptional Cycling Stability for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries , 2014 .

[149]  Yi Cui,et al.  Facile synthesis of Li2S–polypyrrole composite structures for high-performance Li2S cathodes , 2014 .

[150]  Jingdong Liu,et al.  Preparation of Mesoporous Carbon/Sulfur Composite Loaded with ZnS and Its Property for Lithium-sulfur Batteries: Preparation of Mesoporous Carbon/Sulfur Composite Loaded with ZnS and Its Property for Lithium-sulfur Batteries , 2013 .

[151]  Xiaogang Han,et al.  Reactivation of dissolved polysulfides in Li–S batteries based on atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 in nanoporous carbon cloth , 2013 .

[152]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  Understanding the role of different conductive polymers in improving the nanostructured sulfur cathode performance. , 2013, Nano letters.

[153]  Ling Huang,et al.  Porous graphitic carbon loading ultra high sulfur as high-performance cathode of rechargeable lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[154]  Jitong Wang,et al.  A high-rate lithium–sulfur battery assisted by nitrogen-enriched mesoporous carbons decorated with ultrafine La2O3 nanoparticles , 2013 .

[155]  Linda F. Nazar,et al.  Sulfur Speciation in Li–S Batteries Determined by Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy , 2013 .

[156]  Weidong Zhou,et al.  Amylopectin wrapped graphene oxide/sulfur for improved cyclability of lithium-sulfur battery. , 2013, ACS nano.

[157]  Shengping Wang,et al.  Mesoporous β-MnO2/sulfur composite as cathode material for Li–S batteries , 2013 .

[158]  U. Diebold,et al.  Reaction of O2 with Subsurface Oxygen Vacancies on TiO2 Anatase (101) , 2013, Science.

[159]  Zhian Zhang,et al.  Synthesis and electrochemical performance of TiO2–sulfur composite cathode materials for lithium–sulfur batteries , 2013, Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry.

[160]  Rong Xu,et al.  Embedding sulfur in MOF-derived microporous carbon polyhedrons for lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2013, Chemistry.

[161]  Feng Li,et al.  Carbon–sulfur composites for Li–S batteries: status and prospects , 2013 .

[162]  Xiaogang Zhang,et al.  Enhanced cycling performance and electrochemical reversibility of a novel sulfur-impregnated mesoporous hollow TiO2 sphere cathode for advanced Li-S batteries. , 2013, Nanoscale.

[163]  Shengbo Zhang,et al.  Liquid electrolyte lithium/sulfur battery: Fundamental chemistry, problems, and solutions , 2013 .

[164]  L. Nazar,et al.  New approaches for high energy density lithium-sulfur battery cathodes. , 2013, Accounts of chemical research.

[165]  Guangmin Zhou,et al.  Fibrous hybrid of graphene and sulfur nanocrystals for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2013, ACS nano.

[166]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  A membrane-free lithium/polysulfide semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage , 2013 .

[167]  Zhanqiang Liu,et al.  Scotch-tape-like exfoliation of graphite assisted with elemental sulfur and graphene–sulfur composites for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries , 2013 .

[168]  Qiang Sun,et al.  High sulfur loading cathodes fabricated using peapodlike, large pore volume mesoporous carbon for lithium-sulfur battery. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[169]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  Nanostructured sulfur cathodes. , 2013, Chemical Society reviews.

[170]  Jun Liu,et al.  Dendrite-free lithium deposition via self-healing electrostatic shield mechanism. , 2013, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[171]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  Amphiphilic surface modification of hollow carbon nanofibers for improved cycle life of lithium sulfur batteries. , 2013, Nano letters.

[172]  Michel Armand,et al.  A new class of Solvent-in-Salt electrolyte for high-energy rechargeable metallic lithium batteries , 2013, Nature Communications.

[173]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  Sulphur–TiO2 yolk–shell nanoarchitecture with internal void space for long-cycle lithium–sulphur batteries , 2013, Nature Communications.

[174]  Linda F. Nazar,et al.  Surface‐Initiated Growth of Thin Oxide Coatings for Li–Sulfur Battery Cathodes , 2012 .

[175]  Jiaqi Huang,et al.  Graphene/single-walled carbon nanotube hybrids: one-step catalytic growth and applications for high-rate Li-S batteries. , 2012, ACS nano.

[176]  X. Lou,et al.  Confining sulfur in double-shelled hollow carbon spheres for lithium-sulfur batteries. , 2012, Angewandte Chemie.

[177]  Linda F. Nazar,et al.  Understanding the Nature of Absorption/Adsorption in Nanoporous Polysulfide Sorbents for the Li–S Battery , 2012 .

[178]  H. Xia,et al.  Nickel ferrite–graphene heteroarchitectures: Toward high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries , 2012 .

[179]  Ashley A. White.  The Materials Genome Initiative: One year on , 2012 .

[180]  Sébastien Patoux,et al.  Lithium/sulfur cell discharge mechanism: an original approach for intermediate species identification. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[181]  Michael F Toney,et al.  In Operando X-ray diffraction and transmission X-ray microscopy of lithium sulfur batteries. , 2012, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[182]  Jun Liu,et al.  A Soft Approach to Encapsulate Sulfur: Polyaniline Nanotubes for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries with Long Cycle Life , 2012, Advanced materials.

[183]  Arumugam Manthiram,et al.  Lithium–sulphur batteries with a microporous carbon paper as a bifunctional interlayer , 2012, Nature Communications.

[184]  Jean-Marie Tarascon,et al.  Li-O2 and Li-S batteries with high energy storage. , 2011, Nature materials.

[185]  Yi Cui,et al.  Improving the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries by conductive polymer coating. , 2011, ACS nano.

[186]  Guangyuan Zheng,et al.  Hollow carbon nanofiber-encapsulated sulfur cathodes for high specific capacity rechargeable lithium batteries. , 2011, Nano letters.

[187]  H. Dai,et al.  Graphene-wrapped sulfur particles as a rechargeable lithium-sulfur battery cathode material with high capacity and cycling stability. , 2011, Nano letters.

[188]  Xiulei Ji,et al.  Stabilizing lithium-sulphur cathodes using polysulphide reservoirs. , 2011, Nature Communications.

[189]  Xueping Gao,et al.  Enhancement of long stability of sulfur cathode by encapsulating sulfur into micropores of carbon spheres , 2010 .

[190]  Yi Cui,et al.  New nanostructured Li2S/silicon rechargeable battery with high specific energy. , 2010, Nano letters.

[191]  Doron Aurbach,et al.  On the Surface Chemical Aspects of Very High Energy Density, Rechargeable Li–Sulfur Batteries , 2009 .

[192]  Zhenguo Yang,et al.  Nanostructures and lithium electrochemical reactivity of lithium titanites and titanium oxides: A review , 2009 .

[193]  L. Nazar,et al.  A highly ordered nanostructured carbon-sulphur cathode for lithium-sulphur batteries. , 2009, Nature materials.

[194]  Xinping Qiu,et al.  Improvement of cycle property of sulfur-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite cathode for lithium/sulfur batteries , 2009 .

[195]  Yong Zhang,et al.  Effect of nanosized Mg0.8Cu0.2O on electrochemical properties of Li/S rechargeable batteries , 2009 .

[196]  Ralph E. White,et al.  A Mathematical Model for a Lithium–Sulfur Cell , 2008 .

[197]  Yuriy V. Mikhaylik,et al.  Polysulfide Shuttle Study in the Li/S Battery System , 2004 .

[198]  Yong-Mook Kang,et al.  Effects of Nanosized Adsorbing Material on Electrochemical Properties of Sulfur Cathodes for Li/S Secondary Batteries , 2004 .

[199]  K. Sun,et al.  Interaction of CuS and sulfur in Li-S battery system , 2017 .

[200]  Qiang Zhang,et al.  CaO‐Templated Growth of Hierarchical Porous Graphene for High‐Power Lithium–Sulfur Battery Applications , 2016 .

[201]  Feng Li,et al.  Carbon materials for Li–S batteries: Functional evolution and performance improvement , 2016 .

[202]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Rational Integration of Polypropylene/Graphene Oxide/Nafion as Ternary-Layered Separator to Retard the Shuttle of Polysulfides for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. , 2016, Small.

[203]  I. Taniguchi,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of sulfur–carbon–vanadium pentoxide composites for improved electrochemical properties of lithium–sulfur batteries , 2016 .

[204]  A. Manthiram,et al.  High‐Energy, High‐Rate, Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Synergetic Effect of Hollow TiO2‐Webbed Carbon Nanotubes and a Dual Functional Carbon‐Paper Interlayer , 2016 .

[205]  Ruopian Fang,et al.  A trilayer separator with dual function for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries , 2016 .

[206]  Feng Li,et al.  A Flexible Sulfur‐Graphene‐Polypropylene Separator Integrated Electrode for Advanced Li–S Batteries , 2015, Advanced materials.

[207]  Jiulin Wang,et al.  Sulfur‐Based Composite Cathode Materials for High‐Energy Rechargeable Lithium Batteries , 2015, Advanced materials.

[208]  J. Tarascon,et al.  Towards greener and more sustainable batteries for electrical energy storage. , 2015, Nature chemistry.

[209]  Xiaobin Zhong,et al.  S–TiO2 composite cathode materials for lithium/sulfur batteries , 2015 .

[210]  Shaogang Wang,et al.  A Graphene–Pure‐Sulfur Sandwich Structure for Ultrafast, Long‐Life Lithium–Sulfur Batteries , 2014, Advanced materials.

[211]  Hong‐Jie Peng,et al.  Ionic shield for polysulfides towards highly-stable lithium–sulfur batteries , 2014 .

[212]  A. Manthiram,et al.  Li2S‐Carbon Sandwiched Electrodes with Superior Performance for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries , 2014 .

[213]  Pu Chen,et al.  Ternary sulfur/polyacrylonitrile/Mg0.6Ni0.4O composite cathodes for high performance lithium/sulfur batteries , 2012 .

[214]  Jun Chen,et al.  Composite of sulfur impregnated in porous hollow carbon spheres as the cathode of Li-S batteries with high performance , 2012, Nano Research.

[215]  Ulrike Diebold,et al.  The surface science of titanium dioxide , 2003 .