Photo-Induced Electron Transfer Real-Time PCR for Detection of Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin 2 Gene Copy Number

Piperaquine is an important partner drug used in artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). An increase in the plasmepsin 2 and 3 gene copy numbers has been associated with decreased susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to piperaquine in Cambodia. ABSTRACT Piperaquine is an important partner drug used in artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). An increase in the plasmepsin 2 and 3 gene copy numbers has been associated with decreased susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to piperaquine in Cambodia. Here, we developed a photo-induced electron transfer real-time PCR (PET-PCR) assay to quantify the copy number of the P. falciparum plasmepsin 2 gene (PfPM2) that can be used in countries where P. falciparum is endemic to enhance molecular surveillance.

[1]  Jonathan J. Juliano,et al.  Partner-Drug Resistance and Population Substructuring of Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Cambodia , 2017, Genome biology and evolution.

[2]  D. Fidock,et al.  A surrogate marker of piperaquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a phenotype–genotype association study , 2017, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[3]  A. Dondorp.  New genetic marker for piperaquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. , 2017, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[4]  D. Kwiatkowski,et al.  Genetic markers associated with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine failure in Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Cambodia: a genotype-phenotype association study. , 2017, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[5]  Dhruviben S. Patel,et al.  Molecular Epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 Mutations in Senegal Determined by Using Targeted Amplicon Deep Sequencing , 2017, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[6]  R. Fairhurst.  Understanding artemisinin-resistant malaria: what a difference a year makes , 2015, Current opinion in infectious diseases.

[7]  D. Kwiatkowski,et al.  Spread of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. , 2014, The New England journal of medicine.

[8]  R. M. Packard.  The origins of antimalarial-drug resistance. , 2014, The New England journal of medicine.

[9]  B. Genton,et al.  A molecular marker of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria , 2013, Nature.

[10]  Mara A. Karell,et al.  Molecular Diagnosis of Malaria by Photo-Induced Electron Transfer Fluorogenic Primers: PET-PCR , 2013, PloS one.

[11]  T. Wellems,et al.  The threat of artemisinin-resistant malaria. , 2011, The New England journal of medicine.

[12]  Teun Bousema,et al.  Epidemiology and Infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes in Relation to Malaria Control and Elimination , 2011, Clinical Microbiology Reviews.

[13]  E. Ashley,et al.  Artemisinin-based combinations , 2005, Current opinion in infectious diseases.

[14]  S. Meshnick,et al.  Resistance to Antimalarials in Southeast Asia and Genetic Polymorphisms in pfmdr1 , 2003, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[15]  S. Krishna,et al.  The pfmdr1 Gene Is Associated with a Multidrug-Resistant Phenotype in Plasmodium falciparumfrom the Western Border of Thailand , 1999, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[16]  Organización Mundial de la Salud.  Guidelines for the treatment of malaria , 2010 .

[17]  Weltgesundheitsorganisation.  World malaria report , 2005 .