Self-Biased Differential Rectifier With Enhanced Dynamic Range for Wireless Powering

A self-biased cross-coupled differential rectifier is proposed with enhanced power-conversion efficiency (PCE) over an extended range of input power. A prototype is designed for ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) 433-MHz radio-frequency power-harvesting applications and is implemented using a 0.18- <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu\text{m}$</tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS technology. The proposed rectifier architecture is compared with the conventional cross-coupled rectifier. It demonstrates an improvement of more than 40% in the rectifier PCE and an input power range extension of more than 50% relative to the conventional cross-coupled rectifier. A sensitivity of −15.2-dBm (30- <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu\text{W}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) input power for 1-V output voltage and a peak PCE of 65% are achieved for a 50- <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{k}\Omega$</tex-math></inline-formula> load.

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