Writing and erasing information in multilevel logic systems of a single molecule using scanning tunneling microscope

Large double negative differential resistance (NDR) has enabled a single quinone derivative to be stable in the neutral (0), singly reduced (1), typical neutral conformation generated by releasing the charge (2), and doubly reduced state (3) at 90K. The authors wrote and erased information by switching a single molecule among these four conducting states (0,1,2,3) showing random access memory and read only memory applications for terabit memory generation in future. Origin of NDR is investigated in typical functional groups of the molecule, in local environment, and at atomic junction with scanning-tunneling-microscope tip to conclude NDR as a collective phenomenon.

[1]  H. Nejoh,et al.  Anisotropic Standing-Wave Formation on an Au(111)-(23×√3)Reconstructed Surface , 1997 .

[2]  Yuyuan Tian,et al.  Measurement of Single-Molecule Resistance by Repeated Formation of Molecular Junctions , 2003, Science.

[3]  Ho,et al.  Inducing and viewing the rotational motion of a single molecule , 1998, Science.

[4]  R. Newman,et al.  Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy , 1994 .

[5]  M. Brandbyge,et al.  Conductance switching in a molecular device: The role of side groups and intermolecular interactions , 2002, cond-mat/0212191.

[6]  R Lloyd Carroll,et al.  The genesis of molecular electronics. , 2002, Angewandte Chemie.

[7]  Chongwu Zhou,et al.  Multilevel memory based on molecular devices , 2004 .

[8]  G. Dujardin,et al.  Picometer-Scale Electronic Control of Molecular Dynamics Inside a Single Molecule , 2005, Science.

[9]  M. Ratner,et al.  Hysteresis, switching, and negative differential resistance in molecular junctions: a polaron model. , 2005, Nano letters.

[10]  Negative differential resistance in the scanning-tunneling spectroscopy of organic molecules , 1998, cond-mat/9811402.

[11]  J. Brédas,et al.  Negative differential resistance in phenylene ethynylene oligomers. , 2002, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[12]  M. Di Ventra,et al.  Molecular electronics by the numbers , 2001 .

[13]  J. Tersoff,et al.  THEORY OF SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY , 1993 .

[14]  F. L. Carter.  Molecular Electronic Devices II , 1987 .

[15]  Anirban Bandyopadhyay,et al.  Multilevel conductivity and conductance switching in supramolecular structures of an organic molecule , 2004 .

[16]  Chen,et al.  Large On-Off Ratios and Negative Differential Resistance in a Molecular Electronic Device. , 1999, Science.

[17]  C. Gerber,et al.  Reproducible switching effect in thin oxide films for memory applications , 2000 .

[18]  Jonathan S. Lindsey,et al.  Molecular approach toward information storage based on the redox properties of porphyrins in self-assembled monolayers , 2000 .