ECF BLEACHING WITH A FINAL HYDROGEN PEROXIDE STAGE: IMPACT ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF Eucalyptus globulus KRAFT PULPS

Two industrial elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleaching sequences, D0(EOP)D1(EP)D2 and OQ(PO)DP, are compared with respect to the bulk content of lignin, carboxyl, hexeneuronic acids (HexA), and reducing groups after each bleaching stage. HexA groups contribute significantly to the total content of carboxyl groups, and their degradation during chlorine dioxide bleaching is reflected by a decrease of the carboxyl content. The higher degradation using an enhanced use of oxygen-based bleaching chemicals is associated with a higher fiber charge reduction, mainly due to xylan depletion. Additionally, the effect of process variables of a laboratory final hydrogen peroxide stage on the chemical composition of the fully bleached pulp (D0(EOP)D1P and OQ(PO)DP) is studied. The ability of final peroxide bleaching to raise the content of carboxyl groups is dependent on the operating conditions and pulp bleaching history. A balance between carbohydrate oxidation and dissolution of oxidized groups determines the effect on fiber charge. The effect of hydrogen peroxide stabilizers added into the final stage on the content of carboxyl groups is also reported.

[1]  D. Evtuguin,et al.  The final bleaching of eucalypt kraft pulps with hydrogen peroxide: relationship with industrial ECF bleaching history and cellulose degradation , 2011 .

[2]  D. Evtuguin,et al.  The assessment of chromophores in bleached cellulosic pulps employing UV-Raman spectroscopy. , 2010, Carbohydrate research.

[3]  J. Colodette,et al.  Influence of final bleaching stage on ECF brightness development, refineability and pulp properties. , 2010 .

[4]  B. Brogdon.  A FUNDAMENTAL REVIEW AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF HEXENURONIC ACIDS AND THEIR IMPACT IN ELEMENTAL CHLORINE-FREE BLEACHING , 2009 .

[5]  A. Silvestre,et al.  Strategies to reduce the brightness reversion of industrial ECF bleached Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulp , 2008 .

[6]  Antje Potthast,et al.  Isolation and identification of residual chromophores from aged bleached pulp samples , 2007 .

[7]  A. Ragauskas,et al.  Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps: Part 2. Effect of increased fiber charge on refining, wet-end application, and hornification , 2007 .

[8]  A. Ragauskas,et al.  Alkaline peroxide treatment of ECF bleached softwood kraft pulps. Part 1. Characterizing the effect of alkaline peroxide treatment on carboxyl groups of fibers , 2007 .

[9]  E. Sjöström.  Do Hexenuronic Acid Groups Represent the Majority of the Carboxyl Groups in Kraft Pulps? , 2006 .

[10]  T. Vuorinen,et al.  Influence of carbonyl groups on the brightness reversion of eucalyptus kraft pulp , 2006 .

[11]  L. Lucia,et al.  New Insights into Lignin Modification During Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching Sequences (I): Chlorine Dioxide Delignification , 2005 .

[12]  D. Lachenal,et al.  The Chromophores Remaining After Bleaching to Moderate Brightness , 2005 .

[13]  J. Colodette,et al.  Investigation of eucalyptus kraft pulp brightness stability , 2005 .

[14]  G. Pan.  Relationship between dissolution of fiber materials and development of pulp strength in alkaline peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulp , 2004 .

[15]  Armando J. D. Silvestre,et al.  Hexenuronic acid contents of Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulps: Variation with pulping conditions and effect on ECF bleachability , 2003 .

[16]  M. Carvalho,et al.  Alkaline Pulping of Portuguese Eucalyptus globulus: Effect on Hexenuronic Acid Content , 2003 .

[17]  Jiebing Li,et al.  The distribution of oxidizable structures in ECFand TCF-bleached kraft pulps , 2002 .

[18]  M. Ragnar,et al.  Hexenuronic acid reactions in chlorine dioxide bleaching – aspects on in situ formation of molecular chlorine , 2002 .

[19]  D. Evtuguin,et al.  Determination of hexenuronic acid and residual lignin in pulps by UV spectroscopy in Cadoxen solutions , 2002 .

[20]  G. Gellerstedt,et al.  The relationship between kappa number and oxidizable structures in bleached kraft pulps , 2002 .

[21]  B. Brogdon.  Influence of oxidized lignin structures from chlorine dioxide delignified pulps on the Kappa number test , 2001 .

[22]  H. Süss,et al.  Peroxide application in ECF sequences : a description of the state-of-the-art , 2000 .

[23]  Zhi-Hua Jiang,et al.  Hexenuronic acid groups in pulping and bleaching chemistry , 2000 .

[24]  G. Gellerstedt,et al.  Oxidation of residual lignin with alkaline hydrogen peroxide. Part 1 : Changes in hydrophilic groups , 2000 .

[25]  A. Ragauskas,et al.  NMR Analysis of Oxidative Alkaline Extraction Stage Lignins , 1999 .

[26]  M. Zawadzki.  Quantitative determination of quinone chromophore changes during ECF bleaching of kraft pulp , 1999 .

[27]  X. Chai,et al.  A simple and rapid method to determine hexeneuronic acid groups in chemical pulps , 1999 .

[28]  A. Ragauskas,et al.  A comparative evaluation of low-AOX hardwood kraft pulp bleaching sequences: Some sequences are better suited to meeting the cluster rule , 1999 .

[29]  G. Gellerstedt,et al.  The contribution to kappa number from hexeneuronic acid groups in pulp xylan , 1997 .

[30]  B. Pihlar,et al.  Determination of reducing carbonyl groups in cellulose in the solvent system LiCl/N,N-dimethylacetamide , 1997, Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry.

[31]  J. Laine,et al.  The effect of charge on the fibre and paper properties of bleached industrial kraft pulps , 1997 .

[32]  J. Buchert,et al.  Characterization of carboxylic acids during kraft and Superbatch pulping , 1997 .

[33]  J. Laine.  Effect of ECF and TCF bleaching on the charge properties of kraft pulp , 1997 .

[34]  Arthur J. Ragauskas,et al.  Interaction of hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide stages in ECF bleaching , 1996 .

[35]  D. Argyropoulos,et al.  A Comparison of the Reactivity and Efficiency of Ozone, Chlorine Dioxide, Dimethyldioxirane and Hydrogen Peroxide with Residual Kraft Lignin , 1996 .

[36]  Douglas W. Reeve,et al.  Pulp bleaching : principles and practice , 1996 .

[37]  J. Buchert,et al.  Effect of cooking and bleaching on the structure of xylan in conventional pine kraft pulp , 1995 .

[38]  D. H. Page,et al.  A note on the mechanism of tearing strength , 1994 .

[39]  E. Sjostrom.  The origin of charge on cellulosic fibers , 1989 .

[40]  E. Sjöström,et al.  Wood Chemistry: Fundamentals and Applications , 1981 .

[41]  S. Ring,et al.  Determination of aldoses and uronic acid content of vegetable fiber. , 1979, Analytical biochemistry.

[42]  J. E. Brogdon.  Extension Entomology: Past, Present, and Future , 1967 .