Introduction Marshall M. Haith, Janette B. Benson, Ralph J. Roberts Jr., Bruce F. Pennington 1: Visual Expectations as the First Step toward the Development of Future-Oriented Processes Marshall M. Haith 2: In Search of Infant Expectation J. Steven Reznick 3: Planning and Perceiving What Is Going to Happen Next Claes von Hofsten 4: Perception, Action, and Skill: Looking Ahead to Meet the Future Ralph J. Roberts Jr., Michael Ondrejko 5: Learning, Prediction, and Control with an Eye to the Future Duane M. Rumbaugh, E. Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, David A. Washburn 6: Developmental Transitions in Children's Early On-Line Planning Thomas R. Bidell, Kurt W. Fischer 7: Discovering the Present by Predicting the Future David Klahr 8: Neural Mechanisms of Future-Oriented Processes: In Vivo Physiological Studies of Humans Daniel R. Weinberger, Karen Faith Berman, James Gold, Terry Goldberg. 9: The Working Memory Function of the Prefrontal Cortices: Implications for Developmental and Individual Differences in Cognition Bruce F. Pennington 10: Language in, on, and about Time Elizabeth Bates, Jeffrey Elman, Ping Li 11: Using Goal-Plan Knowledge to Merge the Past with the Present and the Future in Narrating Events on Line Tom Trabasso, Nancy L. Stein 12: Considering the Concept of Planning Barbara Rogoff, Jacquelyn Baker-Sennett, Eugene Matusov 13: The Origins of Future Orientation in the Everyday Lives of 9- to 36-Month-Old Infants Janette B. Benson 14: The Rashomon Phenomenon: Personal Frames and Future-Oriented Appraisals in Memory for Emotional Events Nancy L. Stein, Tom Trabasso, Maria Liwag Epilogue: Further Directions: Variations in the Use of Future-Oriented Processes Robert N. Emde List of Contributors Author Index Subject Index