Blood Phantom for Non-invasive Blood Glucose Measurements via Bioelectromagnetic Response

Daily measurement of blood glucose level is vital for managing diabetes. We propose a non-invasive technique to measure the blood glucose level based on the bioelectromagnetic response, such as bioimpedance. This study aims to investigate blood phantom to develop a non-invasive technique for measuring the glucose level in blood on the basis of the bioelectromagnetic response. The electrical properties of NaCl solution were evaluated at frequencies between 200 kHz and 100 MHz based on a newly defined index. The experimental results show that a 0.5% NaCl solution accurately mimics the electrical conductivity of cow blood and, thus, is effective as a blood phantom.