During the past decade rapid strength concrete (RSC) has been extensively used for rehabilitation and improvement of highways, city streets, and airfields. The authors, who were involved in the development and implementation of RSC, construction methods, and testing procedures and techniques, summarize laboratory and field mix design experience, and illustrate recommended approaches with examples of projects built in California. These examples explain principles of proportioning of RSC with respect to project requirements, site and ambient conditions, and provide field and laboratory test data demonstrating the actual performance of the different types of mixes. The paper contains an overview of factors influencing workability and strength gain of RSC, and provides practical recommendations on controlling these two most important performance characteristics that enable the replacement of pavements within short-time partial closures of roadways. The paper also deals with other aspects of RSC performance, defining quality of pavements. In conclusion, the authors provide their view of the needs of future research and development in the field of RSC and construction practices of pavement rehabilitation and improvements within short-time closures.