Controller design for human-robot interaction

Abstract Many robotics tasks require a robot to share the same workspace with humans. In such settings, it is important that the robot performs in such a way that does not cause distress to humans in the workspace. In this paper, we address the problem of designing robot controllers which minimize the stress caused by the robot while performing a given task. We present a novel, data-driven algorithm which computes human-friendly trajectories. The algorithm utilizes biofeedback measurements and combines a set of geometric controllers to achieve human friendliness. We evaluate the comfort level of the human using a Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) sensor. We present results from a human tracking task, in which the robot is required to stay within a specified distance without causing high stress values.

[1]  Vladimir A. Kulyukin,et al.  Ergonomics-for-one in a robotic shopping cart for the blind , 2006, HRI '06.

[2]  Takayuki Kanda,et al.  Robot behavior adaptation for human-robot interaction based on policy gradient reinforcement learning , 2005, 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.

[3]  Changchun Liu,et al.  Affective feedback in closed loop human-robot interaction , 2006, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction.

[4]  Manfred Clynes,et al.  Sentics: The touch of emotions , 1977 .

[5]  Judy Kay,et al.  Proceedings of the seventh international conference on User modeling , 1999 .

[6]  Eyal Amir,et al.  Bayesian Inverse Reinforcement Learning , 2007, IJCAI.

[7]  R. Plutchik A GENERAL PSYCHOEVOLUTIONARY THEORY OF EMOTION , 1980 .

[8]  Candace L. Sidner,et al.  Using plan recognition in human-computer collaboration , 1999 .

[9]  Ronald C. Arkin,et al.  Behavioral overlays for non-verbal communication expression on a humanoid robot , 2007, Auton. Robots.

[10]  Pieter Abbeel,et al.  Apprenticeship learning via inverse reinforcement learning , 2004, ICML.

[11]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Healthwear: medical technology becomes wearable , 2004, Computer.

[12]  Brian McDonald,et al.  Intelligent Biofeedback using an Immersive Competitive Environment , 2001 .

[13]  Henrik I. Christensen,et al.  Embodied social interaction for robots , 2005 .

[14]  Pamela J. Hinds,et al.  Whose job is it anyway? a study of human-robot interaction in a collaborative task , 2004 .

[15]  Nilanjan Sarkar,et al.  Making robots emotion-sensitive - preliminary experiments and results , 2005, RO-MAN.

[16]  K. Dautenhahn,et al.  A Survey of Socially Interactive Robots : Concepts , Design , and Applications , 1992 .

[17]  Illah R. Nourbakhsh,et al.  A survey of socially interactive robots , 2003, Robotics Auton. Syst..

[18]  Gregory D. Abowd,et al.  Context-awareness in wearable and ubiquitous computing , 1997, Digest of Papers. First International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[19]  E. Vesterinen,et al.  Affective Computing , 2009, Encyclopedia of Biometrics.

[20]  Nilanjan Sarkar,et al.  Anxiety detecting robotic system – towards implicit human-robot collaboration , 2004, Robotica.

[21]  Joelle Pineau,et al.  Spoken Dialogue Management Using Probabilistic Reasoning , 2000, ACL.

[22]  Pamela J. Hinds,et al.  Whose Job Is It Anyway? A Study of Human-Robot Interaction in a Collaborative Task , 2004, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[23]  John Nicholson,et al.  Robot-assisted wayfinding for the visually impaired in structured indoor environments , 2006, Auton. Robots.

[24]  Henrik I. Christensen,et al.  Human-robot embodied interaction in hallway settings: a pilot user study , 2005, ROMAN 2005. IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2005..