Extending sense-making models with ideas from cognition and learning theories

In this paper we extend existing sense-making models by adding detail on types of conceptual change and cognitive mechanisms taken from theories of cognition and learning. Our extended model aims to offer a more complete picture of the cognitive processes of sense-making, including the underlying cognitive mechanisms and different types of conceptual changes so that we can link observations to theory. We conducted a preliminary test of the model against think-aloud protocols of users performing intelligence analysis tasks using a multilingual, multimedia information system. Their sense-making processes were consistent with our iterative model of search and sense-making loops. Most of the cognitive mechanisms derived from the literature appeared, with a prevalence of data-driven mechanisms.

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