Identification of organic compounds on diesel engine soot

Several studies have shown that extracts of soot collected from light-duty diesel engines cause mutations in bacteria and mammalian cells both with and without metabolic activation. To help identify the specific compounds responsible for these biological effects, the detailed chemical composition of one such extract by gas chromatographic mass spectrometry was investigated. The two most mutagenic fractions contain alkylated phenanthrenes, fluorenes, fluorenones, and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and quinones. One nitro polycyclic aromatic compound was also identified. The biological implications of these findings are discussed.

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