Association of vitamin B-6 status with inflammation, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammatory conditions: the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.

BACKGROUND Low vitamin B-6 status has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The cardioprotective effects of vitamin B-6 independent of homocysteine suggest that additional mechanisms may be involved. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to examine the cross-sectional association of vitamin B-6 status with markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. DESIGN We measured plasma pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and an oxidative DNA damage marker, urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), in Puerto Rican adults who were living in Massachusetts (n = 1205, aged 45-75 y). RESULTS There was a strong dose-response relation of plasma PLP concentration with plasma CRP. Increasing quartiles of PLP were significantly associated with lower CRP concentrations (geometric means: 4.7, 3.6, 3.1, and 2.5 mg/L; P for trend < 0.0001) and with lower urinary 8-OHdG concentrations (geometric means: 124, 124, 117, and 108 ng/mg creatinine; P for trend: 0.025) after multivariate adjustment. These negative associations persisted after plasma homocysteine was controlled for. Plasma PLP concentrations were significantly correlated with plasma fasting glucose (r = -0.1, P = 0.0006), glycated hemoglobin (r = -0.08, P = 0.006), and homeostasis model assessment of beta cell function (r = 0.082, P = 0.005). Metabolic syndrome, obesity, and diabetes were also significantly associated with low plasma PLP concentrations (P = 0.011, 0.0007, and 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Low vitamin B-6 concentrations are associated with inflammation, higher oxidative stress, and metabolic conditions in older Puerto Rican adults. Our data suggest that vitamin B-6 may influence cardiovascular disease risk through mechanisms other than homocysteine and support the notion that nutritional status may influence the health disparities present in this population.

[1]  Sabrina E. Noel,et al.  The Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, a longitudinal cohort study on health disparities in Puerto Rican adults: challenges and opportunities , 2010, BMC public health.

[2]  Da‐hong Wang,et al.  Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Lifestyles in Japanese Healthy People , 2009, Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition.

[3]  D. Talwar,et al.  Relation between pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate concentrations in plasma, red cells, and white cells in patients with critical illness. , 2008, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[4]  J. Dora,et al.  Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2008 , 2008, Diabetes Care.

[5]  P. Jacques,et al.  Plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in the US population: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2004. , 2008, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[6]  E. Aasheim,et al.  Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study. , 2008, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[7]  H. Boeing,et al.  Plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate and future risk of myocardial infarction in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Potsdam cohort. , 2007, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[8]  Sushil K. Jain,et al.  Vitamin B6 (pyridoxamine) supplementation and complications of diabetes. , 2007, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[9]  K. Tucker,et al.  alpha-Tocopherol intake and plasma concentration of Hispanic and non-Hispanic white elders is associated with dietary intake pattern. , 2006, The Journal of nutrition.

[10]  R. Krauss,et al.  Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement , 2005, Current opinion in cardiology.

[11]  K. Tucker.  Stress and nutrition in relation to excess development of chronic disease in Puerto Rican adults living in the Northeastern USA. , 2005, The journal of medical investigation : JMI.

[12]  K. Tucker,et al.  Hispanic and non-Hispanic white elders from Massachusetts have different patterns of carotenoid intake and plasma concentrations. , 2005, The Journal of nutrition.

[13]  S. Taysı.  Oxidant/antioxidant status in liver tissue of vitamin B6 deficient rats. , 2005, Clinical nutrition.

[14]  G. M. Potgieter,et al.  Compartmentalization of pyridoxal-5′-phosphate during the acute phase of myocardial infarction , 1988, Klinische Wochenschrift.

[15]  W. Endres,et al.  A new enzymatic method for pyridoxal-5-phosphate determination , 1981, Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease.

[16]  M. D. de Maat,et al.  C-reactive protein as a risk factor versus risk marker , 2004, Current opinion in lipidology.

[17]  D. Girelli,et al.  Low plasma vitamin B-6 concentrations and modulation of coronary artery disease risk. , 2004, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[18]  S. Kyuwa,et al.  Amelioration of the β‐cell dysfunction in diabetic APA hamsters by antioxidants and AGE inhibitor treatments , 2004, Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews.

[19]  Sushil K. Jain,et al.  Effect of vitamin B6 on oxygen radicals, mitochondrial membrane potential, and lipid peroxidation in H2O2-treated U937 monocytes. , 2004, Free radical biology & medicine.

[20]  A. Mokdad,et al.  The metabolic syndrome and antioxidant concentrations: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. , 2003, Diabetes.

[21]  Y. Mizushina,et al.  Inhibitory effect of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate on endothelial cell proliferation, replicative DNA polymerase and DNA topoisomerase. , 2003, International journal of molecular medicine.

[22]  A. Folsom,et al.  B vitamin status and inflammatory markers. , 2003, Atherosclerosis.

[23]  R. Roubenoff,et al.  Abnormal vitamin B6 status is associated with severity of symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis , 2003 .

[24]  R. Franchis,et al.  Low Vitamin B6 Plasma Levels, a Risk Factor for Thrombosis, in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Role of Inflammation and Correlation With Acute Phase Reactants , 2003, American Journal of Gastroenterology.

[25]  R. Roubenoff,et al.  Abnormal vitamin B(6) status is associated with severity of symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. , 2003, The American journal of medicine.

[26]  C-W Chen,et al.  Occupancy of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa by B-6 vitamers inhibits human platelet aggregation. , 2002, The Journal of nutrition.

[27]  K. Tucker,et al.  Low vitamin B-12 intake and status are more prevalent in Hispanic older adults of Caribbean origin than in neighborhood-matched non-Hispanic whites. , 2002, The Journal of nutrition.

[28]  T. Hashimoto,et al.  Oxidative DNA Damage and Tubulointerstitial Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy , 2002, Nephron.

[29]  Hiromitsu Watanabe,et al.  Dietary vitamin B6 suppresses colon tumorigenesis, 8-hydroxyguanosine, 4-hydroxynonenal, and inducible nitric oxide synthase protein in azoxymethane-treated mice. , 2002, Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology.

[30]  K. Tucker,et al.  Hypertension among Hispanic elders of a Caribbean origin in Massachusetts. , 2002, Ethnicity & disease.

[31]  C Guijarro,et al.  High-sensitivity C-reactive protein: potential adjunct for global risk assessment in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. , 2001, Circulation.

[32]  K. Tucker,et al.  Total and central obesity among elderly Hispanics and the association with Type 2 diabetes. , 2001, Obesity research.

[33]  I. Rosenberg,et al.  Low Circulating Vitamin B6 Is Associated With Elevation of the Inflammation Marker C-Reactive Protein Independently of Plasma Homocysteine Levels , 2001, Circulation.

[34]  K. Tucker,et al.  Type 2 diabetes is prevalent and poorly controlled among Hispanic elders of Caribbean origin. , 2000, American journal of public health.

[35]  H. Vorster,et al.  Nutritional status influences plasma fibrinogen concentration: evidence from the THUSA survey. , 2000, Thrombosis research.

[36]  N. Hotta,et al.  Effects of vitamin B-6 on (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism. , 2000, The Journal of nutrition.

[37]  M. Okada,et al.  Effect of diabetes on vitamin B6 requirement in experimental animals , 1999, Diabetes, obesity & metabolism.

[38]  R. Wolfe,et al.  Homocysteine metabolism. , 1999, Annual review of nutrition.

[39]  L. Landi,et al.  Vitamin B6 deficiency affects antioxidant defences in rat liver and heart , 1998, Biochemistry and molecular biology international.

[40]  K. Tucker,et al.  Adaptation of a food frequency questionnaire to assess diets of Puerto Rican and non-Hispanic adults. , 1998, American journal of epidemiology.

[41]  Richard A. Johnson.  Folate and vitamin B6 from diet and supplements in relation to risk of coronary heart disease among women , 1998 .

[42]  its Panel on Folate,et al.  FOOD AND NUTRITION BOARD , 1998 .

[43]  its Panel on Folate,et al.  STANDING COMMITTEE ON THE SCIENTIFIC EVALUATION OF DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES , 1998 .

[44]  S. Clarke,et al.  Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of gene transcription. , 1996, Progress in lipid research.

[45]  I. Rosenberg,et al.  Abnormal vitamin B6 status in rheumatoid cachexia. Association with spontaneous tumor necrosis factor alpha production and markers of inflammation. , 1995, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[46]  K. S. Rogers,et al.  Vitamin B6 metabolism and diabetes. , 1994, Biochemical medicine and metabolic biology.

[47]  J. Cidlowski,et al.  Modulation of steroid receptor‐mediated gene expression by vitamin B6 , 1994, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[48]  B. Halliwell,et al.  Free radicals in biology and medicine , 1985 .

[49]  J. Ebersole,et al.  Effect of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) on diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. , 1984, Journal of the American Podiatry Association.

[50]  T. Toyota,et al.  The endocrine pancreas in pyridoxine deficient rats. , 1981, The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine.

[51]  J. Finkelstein,et al.  Pyridoxine effects on cystathionine synthase in rat liver. , 1970, The Journal of nutrition.

[52]  D. Coursin.  Present status of Vitamin B6 metabolism. , 1960, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[53]  D. Coursin.  Present status of vitamin B6 metabolism. , 1960, Quarterly review of pediatrics.