The effects of click and tone-burst stimulus parameters on the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP).

Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) are short latency electromyograms (EMG) evoked by high-level acoustic stimuli and recorded from surface electrodes over the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle and are presumed to originate in the saccule. The present experiments examined the effects of click and tone-burst level and stimulus frequency on the latency, amplitude, and threshold of the VEMP in subjects with normal hearing sensitivity and no history of vestibular disease. VEMPs were recorded in all subjects using 100 dB nHL click stimuli. Most subjects had VEMPs present at 500, 750, and 1000 Hz, and few subjects had VEMPs present at 2000 Hz. The response amplitude of the VEMP increased with click and tone-burst level, whereas VEMP latency was not influenced by the stimulus level. The largest tone-burst-evoked VEMPs and lowest thresholds were obtained at 500 and 750 Hz. VEMP latency was independent of stimulus frequency when tone-burst duration was held constant.

[1]  N. Todd,et al.  A saccular origin of frequency tuning in myogenic vestibular evoked potentials?: implications for human responses to loud sounds , 2000, Hearing Research.

[2]  Po-Wen Cheng, Toshihisa Murofushi.  The Effect of Rise/Fall Time on Vestibular-evoked Myogenic Potential Triggered by Short Tone Bursts , 2001, Acta oto-laryngologica.

[3]  M. Yardley,et al.  The vestibulo‐collic reflex , 1998 .

[4]  I. Curthoys,et al.  Responses of guinea pig primary vestibular neurons to clicks , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[5]  J. Colebatch.  Vestibular evoked potentials , 2001, Current opinion in neurology.

[6]  T. Murofushi,et al.  Short tone burst-evoked myogenic potentials on the sternocleidomastoid muscle: are these potentials also of vestibular origin? , 1999, Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery.

[7]  R. Tomlinson,et al.  Click evoked EMG responses in sternocleidomastoid muscles: characteristics in normal subjects. , 1999, Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation.

[8]  J. Rothwell,et al.  Vestibular hypersensitivity to clicks is characteristic of the Tullio phenomenon , 1998, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[9]  M. McCue,et al.  Acoustically responsive fibers in the vestibular nerve of the cat , 1994, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[10]  G M Halmagyi,et al.  Myogenic potentials generated by a click-evoked vestibulocollic reflex. , 1994, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[11]  R. Bickford,et al.  NATURE OF AVERAGE EVOKED POTENTIALS TO SOUND AND OTHER STIMULI IN MAN * , 1964, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[12]  K. Ochi,et al.  Variance of Vestibular‐Evoked Myogenic Potentials , 2001, The Laryngoscope.

[13]  J. Colebatch,et al.  Characteristics of Tone Burst-evoked Myogenic Potentials in the Sternocleidomastoid Muscles , 2001, Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology.

[14]  J. Colebatch,et al.  Vestibular hypersensitivity to sound (Tullio phenomenon) , 2000, Neurology.

[15]  A. Tribukait,et al.  Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in patients with dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal. , 1999, Acta oto-laryngologica.

[16]  Y. Young,et al.  Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials are Intact after Sudden Deafness , 2002, Ear and hearing.

[17]  P. Vidal,et al.  Saccular dysfunction in Meniere's disease. , 1999, The American journal of otology.

[18]  J. Colebatch,et al.  Vestibular evoked potentials in human neck muscles before and after unilateral vestibular deafferentation , 1992, Neurology.

[19]  J. Rothwell,et al.  Clinical and electrophysiological findings in the Tullio phenomenon. , 1995, Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum.

[20]  P. Clouston,et al.  The influence of voluntary emg activity and click intensity on the vestibular click evoked myogenic potential , 1995, Muscle & nerve.

[21]  J. Guinan,et al.  Spontaneous activity and frequency selectivity of acoustically responsive vestibular afferents in the cat. , 1995, Journal of neurophysiology.

[22]  Y Shinoda,et al.  The vestibulocollic reflex. , 1995, Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation.

[23]  O. Murnane,et al.  Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials: preliminary report. , 2001, Journal of the American Academy of Audiology.