Challenges and opportunities to assure future manufacturing of magnet conductors for the accelerator sector

Nb3Sn magnet conductors will continue to be the workhorse material for accelerator magnets over the coming decade because they can deliver significantly higher magnetic fields than Nb-Ti at significantly lower cost than higher performance HTS conductors. High current-density Nb3Sn conductor suitable for present accelerator magnets for the High-Luminosity LHC (Hi-Lumi) upgrade, i.e. ~12 T field, is commercially produced in long lengths in a mature fabrication process. R&D enhancements for “advanced Nb3Sn” could improve performance by 30% or more in the 15-16 T field range envisioned for future dipoles, and conductors could become available in 2–5 years. New developments in cabled REBCO tape HTS conductors and 2212 round-wire strand are creating opportunities for hybrid Nb3Sn-HTS dipole magnets approaching 20 T and solenoid magnets pushing toward 50 T. Disruption of Nb-Ti and Nb3Sn magnet technology and increasing cross-over points for hybrid and stand-alone HTS options operating above 4 K temperature should be expected as HTS magnet technology continues to develop and mature.

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