Practice patterns, attitudes and activities of Caucasian vs. Asian University of California-San Francisco PharmD graduates.

The results of a 1982 survey of graduates of the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) doctor of pharmacy degree program were re-analyzed to explore whether cultural differences between Asian and Caucasian PharmD graduates affected professional practice patterns, attitudes and activities. Of the 732 respondents, 408 (56 percent) were Caucasians and 262 (36 percent) were Asians. Asian females had significantly fewer years of college education before entering pharmacy school and spend significantly fewer hours in the practice of pharmacy or related activities. Caucasians had a slightly higher grade point average than Asians. The mean score on the California State Board of Pharmacy Licensure Examination did not differ between the groups. For their first position following graduation, Asians predominated in operational positions, while Caucasians held clinical positions more frequently. Thirty-eight percent of Caucasians vs. 18 percent of Asians were taking or had completed postgraduate residency or fellowship training. An analysis of current jobs revealed that Asian males had the greatest increase in clinical positions when compared to the first position. Males of both ethnicities made the greatest gains in annual salary and in management positions compared to females.