Double network bacterial cellulose hydrogel to build a biology-device interface.

Establishing a biology-device interface might enable the interaction between microelectronics and biotechnology. In this study, electroactive hydrogels have been produced using bacterial cellulose (BC) and conducting polymer (CP) deposited on the BC hydrogel surface to cover the BC fibers. The structures of these composites thus have double networks, one of which is a layer of electroactive hydrogels combined with BC and CP. The electroconductivity provides the composites with capabilities for voltage and current response, and the BC hydrogel layer provides good biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioadhesion and mass transport properties. Such a system might allow selective biological functions such as molecular recognition and specific catalysis and also for probing the detailed genetic and molecular mechanisms of life. A BC-CP composite hydrogel could then lead to a biology-device interface. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are used here to study the composite hydrogels' electroactive property. BC-PAni and BC-PPy respond to voltage changes. This provides a mechanism to amplify electrochemical signals for analysis or detection. BC hydrogels were found to be able to support the growth, spreading and migration of human normal skin fibroblasts without causing any cytotoxic effect on the cells in the cell culture. These double network BC-CP hydrogels are biphasic Janus hydrogels which integrate electroactivity with biocompatibility, and might provide a biology-device interface to produce implantable devices for personalized and regenerative medicine.

[1]  Yue Zhang,et al.  Utilization of bacterial cellulose in food , 2014 .

[2]  Shengmin Zhang,et al.  Evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose-based uniform wound dressing for large area skin transplantation. , 2013, Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.

[3]  Guang Yang,et al.  Nano-cellulose 3D-networks as controlled-release drug carriers. , 2013, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[4]  Andreas Walther,et al.  Janus particles: synthesis, self-assembly, physical properties, and applications. , 2013, Chemical reviews.

[5]  Zhijun Shi,et al.  Nanocellulose electroconductive composites. , 2013, Nanoscale.

[6]  Guang Yang,et al.  Thermoresponsive bacterial cellulose whisker/poly(NIPAM-co-BMA) nanogel complexes: synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation. , 2013, Biomacromolecules.

[7]  D. Jesionek-Kupnicka,et al.  Modified bacterial cellulose tubes for regeneration of damaged peripheral nerves , 2013, Archives of medical science : AMS.

[8]  Guang Yang,et al.  Present status and applications of bacterial cellulose-based materials for skin tissue repair. , 2013, Carbohydrate polymers.

[9]  Yi Liu,et al.  Electrodeposition of a weak polyelectrolyte hydrogel: remarkable effects of salt on kinetics, structure and properties , 2013 .

[10]  Gregory F Payne,et al.  Amplified and in situ detection of redox-active metabolite using a biobased redox capacitor. , 2013, Analytical chemistry.

[11]  Zhu Zhu,et al.  Highly conductive and stretchable conductors fabricated from bacterial cellulose , 2012 .

[12]  Zhihong Wu,et al.  Skin tissue repair materials from bacterial cellulose by a multilayer fermentation method , 2012 .

[13]  Yuguang Ma,et al.  In situ nano-assembly of bacterial cellulose–polyaniline composites , 2012 .

[14]  P. Gatenholm,et al.  Small calibre biosynthetic bacterial cellulose blood vessels: 13-months patency in a sheep model , 2012, Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ.

[15]  Dieter Klemm,et al.  Nanocelluloses: a new family of nature-based materials. , 2011, Angewandte Chemie.

[16]  Gregory F Payne,et al.  Biofabrication to build the biology–device interface , 2010, Biofabrication.

[17]  K. N. Sood,et al.  Electrochromism and redox switching of cobalt hexacyanoferrate–polyaniline hybrid films in a hydrophobic ionic liquid , 2010 .

[18]  Anthony Guiseppi-Elie,et al.  Electroconductive hydrogels: synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications. , 2010, Biomaterials.

[19]  M. Deepa,et al.  Electrochemistry of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polyaniline/ Prussian blue electrochromic devices containing an ionic liquid based gel electrolyte film. , 2009, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[20]  F. G. Torres,et al.  Nanocomposites of bacterial cellulose/hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications. , 2009, Acta biomaterialia.

[21]  R. Kaner,et al.  Polyaniline nanofibers: a unique polymer nanostructure for versatile applications. , 2009, Accounts of chemical research.

[22]  M. Tabuchi.  Nanobiotech versus synthetic nanotech? , 2007, Nature Biotechnology.

[23]  Joerg Lahann,et al.  Biphasic Janus particles with nanoscale anisotropy , 2005, Nature materials.

[24]  R. Holze,et al.  Spectroelectrochemical Investigations of Soluble Polyaniline Synthesized via New Inverse Emulsion Pathway , 2005 .

[25]  D. Kaplan,et al.  Bacterial cellulose as a potential scaffold for tissue engineering of cartilage. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[26]  Jing-Juan Xu,et al.  A glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase-gold nanoparticles biocomposite formed by one-step electrodeposition. , 2004, Analytical biochemistry.

[27]  Jing-Juan Xu,et al.  Application of MnO2 nanoparticles as an eliminator of ascorbate interference to amperometric glucose biosensors , 2004 .

[28]  L. Ramos,et al.  Polyaniline/lignin blends: FTIR, MEV and electrochemical characterization , 2002 .

[29]  Hyunmin Yi,et al.  Voltage-Dependent Assembly of the Polysaccharide Chitosan onto an Electrode Surface , 2002 .

[30]  W. Schreiner,et al.  Polyaniline/lignin blends: thermal analysis and XPS , 2001 .

[31]  Dieter Klemm,et al.  Bacterial synthesized cellulose — artificial blood vessels for microsurgery , 2001 .

[32]  R. Brown,et al.  Microbial cellulose--the natural power to heal wounds. , 2006, Biomaterials.

[33]  R. Kaomongkolgit,et al.  Growth of Human Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts on Bacterial Cellulose Film , 2006, Biotechnology progress.

[34]  Satoshi Masaoka,et al.  Production of cellulose from glucose by Acetobacter xylinum , 1993 .