Mass Spectral Analysis of Asphaltenes. I. Compositional Differences between Pressure-Drop and Solvent-Drop Asphaltenes Determined by Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Asphaltenes are typically defined by their solubility in benzene and insolubility in pentane or heptane. They are believed to exist in petroleum crude oil as a colloidal suspension, stabilized by surface-adsorbed resins. Their normal equilibrium under reservoir conditions may be disrupted during production by pressure reduction, crude oil chemical composition changes, introduction of miscible gases and liquids, and mixing with diluents and other oils, as well as by acid stimulation, hot oiling, and other oilfield operations. Electrospray ionization preferentially ionizes polar N-, S-, and O-containing compounds, and its combination with ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry makes a powerful tool for the compositional analysis of petroleum-derived materials such as asphaltenes. In this work, we compare the compositional differences between heptane-precipitated asphaltenes and asphaltenes collected by live oil depressurization. Negative- and positive-ion electrospr...

[1]  A. Marshall,et al.  ESI FT-ICR mass spectral analysis of coal liquefaction products , 2005 .

[2]  Chunshan Song,et al.  Comparative Compositional Analysis of Untreated and Hydrotreated Oil by Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry , 2005 .

[3]  J. Andersson,et al.  Characterization of high-molecular-weight sulfur-containing aromatics in vacuum residues using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[4]  Gufeng Wang,et al.  Statistical and generalized two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy of multiple ionization States. Fluorescence of neurotransmitter serotonin. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[5]  T. Schaub,et al.  Petroleomics: MS Returns to Its Roots. , 2005 .

[6]  A. Marshall,et al.  Compositional determination of acidic species in illinois no. 6 coal extracts by electrospray ionization fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry , 2004 .

[7]  A. Marshall,et al.  Petroleomics: The Next Grand Challenge for Chemical Analysis , 2004 .

[8]  A. Marshall,et al.  Two- and three-dimensional van krevelen diagrams: a graphical analysis complementary to the kendrick mass plot for sorting elemental compositions of complex organic mixtures based on ultrahigh-resolution broadband fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass measurements. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.

[9]  A. Marshall,et al.  Two- and Three-Dimensional van Krevelen Diagrams: A Graphical Analysis Complementary to the Kendrick Mass Plot for Sorting Elemental Compositions . . , 2004 .

[10]  Sunghwan Kim,et al.  Graphical method for analysis of ultrahigh-resolution broadband mass spectra of natural organic matter, the van Krevelen diagram. , 2003, Analytical chemistry.

[11]  S. Andersen,et al.  Comparisons Between Asphaltenes from the Dead and Live-Oil Samples of the Same Crude Oils , 2003 .

[12]  P. Szatmari,et al.  Trace element determination in crude oil and its fractions by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using ultrasonic nebulization of toluene solutions , 2002 .

[13]  A. Marshall,et al.  Improved ion extraction from a linear octopole ion trap: SIMION analysis and experimental demonstration , 2002, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[14]  Alan G. Marshall,et al.  Identification of acidic NSO compounds in crude oils of different geochemical origins by negative ion electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry , 2002 .

[15]  A. Marshall,et al.  Resolution of 11,000 compositionally distinct components in a single electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrum of crude oil. , 2002, Analytical chemistry.

[16]  A G Marshall,et al.  Kendrick mass defect spectrum: a compact visual analysis for ultrahigh-resolution broadband mass spectra. , 2001, Analytical chemistry.

[17]  Alan G. Marshall,et al.  Resolution and Identification of Elemental Compositions for More than 3000 Crude Acids in Heavy Petroleum by Negative-Ion Microelectrospray High-Field Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry , 2001 .

[18]  M. Emmett,et al.  Reading chemical fine print: Resolution and identification of 3000 nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds from a single electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrum of heavy petroleum crude oil , 2001 .

[19]  O. Mullins,et al.  Molecular Size and Structure of Asphaltenes from Various Sources , 2000 .

[20]  Michael A. Freitas,et al.  Comparison and interconversion of the two most common frequency-to-mass calibration functions for Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry , 2000 .

[21]  C. Phelps,et al.  Asphaltene Precipitation from Live Oils: An Experimental Investigation of Onset Conditions and Reversibility , 2000 .

[22]  O. Mullins,et al.  Asphaltene Molecular Size and Structure , 1999 .

[23]  M. Emmett,et al.  Application of micro-electrospray liquid chromatography techniques to FT-ICR MS to enable high-sensitivity biological analysis , 1998, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[24]  A. Marshall,et al.  Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry: a primer. , 1998, Mass spectrometry reviews.

[25]  M. Senko,et al.  External accumulation of ions for enhanced electrospray ionization fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry , 1997 .

[26]  P. K. Kilpatrick,et al.  Comparison of Precipitation and Extrography in the Fractionation of Crude Oil Residua , 1997 .

[27]  A G Marshall,et al.  A high-performance modular data system for Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. , 1996, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.

[28]  M. Senko,et al.  Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance at 9.4 T. , 1996, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.

[29]  Spencer E. Taylor.  USE OF SURFACE-TENSION MEASUREMENTS TO EVALUATE AGGREGATION OF ASPHALTENES IN ORGANIC-SOLVENTS , 1992 .

[30]  C. S. Hsu,et al.  An innovative approach to data analysis in hydrocarbon characterization by on-line liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry , 1992 .

[31]  Ruksana Thawer,et al.  Asphaltene Deposition in Production Facilities , 1990 .

[32]  F. Verdun,et al.  Fourier Transforms in NMR, Optical, and Mass Spectrometry: A User's Handbook , 1990 .

[33]  G. Ali Mansoori,et al.  Aggregation and Deposition of Heavy Organics in Petroleum Crudes , 1988 .

[34]  M. Gross,et al.  Space charge effects in Fourier transform mass spectrometry. Mass calibration. , 1984, Analytical chemistry.

[35]  Michael L. Gross,et al.  Space charge effects in Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry. I. Electrons , 1984 .

[36]  J. C. Suatoni,et al.  Rapid Hydrocarbon Group-Type Analysis by High Performance Liquid Chromatography , 1975 .

[37]  C. Djerassi,et al.  Mass spectrometry of organic compounds , 1967 .

[38]  E. Kendrick.  A Mass Scale Based on CH2 = 14.0000 for High Resolution Mass Spectrometry of Organic Compounds. , 1963 .

[39]  Van Krevelen,et al.  Graphical-statistical method for the study of structure and reaction processes of coal , 1950 .