METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING TRANSPORT EMISSIONS AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION

This report is a summary of all individual methodologies and corresponding emission factors and functions produced for use in estimating pollutant emissions and energy consumption from transport. All current vehicle technologies are covered for all different types or classes of road vehicles, as well as rail, shipping, and air transport. Cold start extra emissions, evaporative losses, road gradient and vehicle load effects are addressed for road vehicles. ALso, guidance is given regarding the emissions behavior of future vehicles and fluids. The methodologies and emission data are complemented with statistical input as regards the necessary transport activity data. Data are also provided on the pollutant emissions associated with energy production. Examples of the use of the methodologies are included in two ways: for road and rail transport, a variety of aggregated emission factors have been calculated, and comparisons have been made for passenger and freight journeys using different modes of transport.