MAP kinase kinase kinase, MAP kinase kinase and MAP kinase.

[1]  P. Dent,et al.  Inhibition of the EGF-activated MAP kinase signaling pathway by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. , 1993, Science.

[2]  S. Cook,et al.  Inhibition by cAMP of Ras-dependent activation of Raf. , 1993, Science.

[3]  Hong Sun,et al.  MKP-1 (3CH134), an immediate early gene product, is a dual specificity phosphatase that dephosphorylates MAP kinase in vivo , 1993, Cell.

[4]  J. Bos,et al.  cAMP antagonizes p21ras‐directed activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 2 and phosphorylation of mSos nucleotide exchange factor. , 1993, The EMBO journal.

[5]  F. McCormick,et al.  Reconstitution of the Raf-1—MEK—ERK Signal Transduction Pathway In Vitro , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[6]  P. Cohen,et al.  Specific association of activated MAP kinase kinase kinase (Raf) with the plasma membranes of ras-transformed retinal cells. , 1993, Oncogene.

[7]  D. Morrison,et al.  Critical tyrosine residues regulate the enzymatic and biological activity of Raf-1 kinase , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[8]  J. Sedivy,et al.  Raf-1 protein kinase activates the NF-kappa B transcription factor by dissociating the cytoplasmic NF-kappa B-I kappa B complex. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[9]  C. Marshall,et al.  Lysophosphatidic acid stimulates mitogen-activated protein kinase activation via a G-protein-coupled pathway requiring p21ras and p74raf-1. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[10]  M. McMahon,et al.  Conditional transformation of cells and rapid activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade by an estradiol-dependent human raf-1 protein kinase , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[11]  E. Nishida,et al.  Schizosaccharomyces pombe Spk1 is a tyrosine-phosphorylated protein functionally related to Xenopus mitogen-activated protein kinase , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[12]  C. Marshall,et al.  A dominant-negative mutant of raf blocks mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by growth factors and oncogenic p21ras. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[13]  N. Qian,et al.  Involvement of Ras and Raf in the Gi-coupled acetylcholine muscarinic m2 receptor activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase and MAP kinase. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[14]  L. Zon,et al.  Novel members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase activator family in Xenopus laevis , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[15]  A. Brunet,et al.  Growth factors induce nuclear translocation of MAP kinases (p42mapk and p44mapk) but not of their activator MAP kinase kinase (p45mapkk) in fibroblasts , 1993, The Journal of cell biology.

[16]  D. Morrison,et al.  Identification of the major phosphorylation sites of the Raf-1 kinase. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[17]  D. Morrison,et al.  Requirement for Raf and MAP kinase function during the meiotic maturation of Xenopus oocytes , 1993, The Journal of cell biology.

[18]  P. Dent,et al.  Identification and characterization of a new mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, MKK2 , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[19]  C. Crews,et al.  Extracellular signals and reversible protein phosphorylation: What to Mek of it all , 1993, Cell.

[20]  S. Elledge,et al.  Normal and oncogenic p21ras proteins bind to the amino-terminal regulatory domain of c-Raf-1 , 1993, Nature.

[21]  A. Ashworth,et al.  Complementation of byrl in fission yeast by mammalian MAP kinase kinase requires coexpression of Raf kinase , 1993, Nature.

[22]  P. Warne,et al.  Direct interaction of Ras and the amino-terminal region of Raf-1 in vitro , 1993, Nature.

[23]  Jonathan A. Cooper,et al.  Mammalian Ras interacts directly with the serine/threonine kinase raf , 1993, Cell.

[24]  Walter Kolch,et al.  Protein kinase Cα activates RAF-1 by direct phosphorylation , 1993, Nature.

[25]  D R Alessi,et al.  The human CL100 gene encodes a Tyr/Thr-protein phosphatase which potently and specifically inactivates MAP kinase and suppresses its activation by oncogenic ras in Xenopus oocyte extracts. , 1993, Oncogene.

[26]  Anthony J. Muslin,et al.  Raf-1 protein kinase is important for progesterone-induced Xenopus oocyte maturation and acts downstream of mos , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[27]  M. Wigler,et al.  Complex formation between RAS and RAF and other protein kinases. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[28]  J. Blenis,et al.  Signal transduction via the MAP kinases: proceed at your own RSK. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[29]  John Calvin Reed,et al.  Interleukin 2 regulates Raf-1 kinase activity through a tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent mechanism in a T-cell line. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[30]  M. Weber,et al.  Complexes of Ras.GTP with Raf-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase. , 1993, Science.

[31]  K. Guan,et al.  Cloning and characterization of two distinct human extracellular signal-regulated kinase activator kinases, MEK1 and MEK2. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[32]  K. Irie,et al.  MKK1 and MKK2, which encode Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase homologs, function in the pathway mediated by protein kinase C , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[33]  Y. Watanabe,et al.  A yeast mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog (Mpk1p) mediates signalling by protein kinase C , 1993, Molecular and cellular biology.

[34]  C. Lange-Carter,et al.  A divergence in the MAP kinase regulatory network defined by MEK kinase and Raf , 1993, Science.

[35]  H. Okayama,et al.  Isolation of two members of the rat MAP kinase kinase gene family , 1993, FEBS letters.

[36]  C. Moskaluk,et al.  PAC-1: a mitogen-induced nuclear protein tyrosine phosphatase. , 1993, Science.

[37]  E. Winter,et al.  An osmosensing signal transduction pathway in yeast. , 1993, Science.

[38]  B. Errede,et al.  MAP kinase-related FUS3 from S. cerevisiae is activated by STE7 in vitro , 1993, Nature.

[39]  K. Kaibuchi,et al.  The post-translational processing of ras p21 is critical for its stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[40]  E. Nishida,et al.  Phosphorylation of Xenopus mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase by MAP kinase kinase kinase and MAP kinase. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[41]  Y. Nishida,et al.  A protein kinase similar to MAP kinase activator acts downstream of the raf kinase in Drosophila , 1993, Cell.

[42]  E. Nishida,et al.  cDNA cloning of MAP kinase kinase reveals kinase cascade pathways in yeasts to vertebrates. , 1993, The EMBO journal.

[43]  K. Kaibuchi,et al.  A protein factor for ras p21-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase through MAP kinase kinase. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[44]  Roger J. Davis,et al.  cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase , 1993, Cell.

[45]  R. W. Davis,et al.  A dominant truncation allele identifies a gene, STE20, that encodes a putative protein kinase necessary for mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[46]  E. Krebs,et al.  Human T-cell mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases are related to yeast signal transduction kinases. , 1992, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[47]  A. Ashworth,et al.  The amino acid sequence of a mammalian MAP kinase kinase. , 1992, Oncogene.

[48]  M. Whiteway,et al.  The protein kinase homologue Ste20p is required to link the yeast pheromone response G‐protein beta gamma subunits to downstream signalling components. , 1992, The EMBO journal.

[49]  P. Cohen,et al.  Sustained activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade may be required for differentiation of PC12 cells. Comparison of the effects of nerve growth factor and epidermal growth factor. , 1992, The Biochemical journal.

[50]  M. Liyanage,et al.  Activation of the c-Raf protein kinase by protein kinase C phosphorylation. , 1992, Oncogene.

[51]  P. Cohen,et al.  MAPKAP kinase‐2; a novel protein kinase activated by mitogen‐activated protein kinase. , 1992, The EMBO journal.

[52]  P. Cohen,et al.  Activation of the MAP kinase pathway by the protein kinase raf , 1992, Cell.

[53]  C. Crews,et al.  The primary structure of MEK, a protein kinase that phosphorylates the ERK gene product. , 1992, Science.

[54]  S. Keyse,et al.  Oxidative stress and heat shock induce a human gene encoding a protein-tyrosine phosphatase , 1992, Nature.

[55]  T. Haystead,et al.  Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase by v-Raf in NIH 3T3 cells and in vitro. , 1992, Science.

[56]  E. Nishida,et al.  Xenopus MAP kinase activator is a serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activated by threonine phosphorylation. , 1992, The EMBO journal.

[57]  David L. Brautigan,et al.  Raf-1 activates MAP kinase-kinase , 1992, Nature.

[58]  T. Haystead,et al.  Ordered phosphorylation of p42mapk by MAP kinase kinase , 1992, FEBS letters.

[59]  B. Errede,et al.  Constitutive mutants of the protein kinase STE11 activate the yeast pheromone response pathway in the absence of the G protein. , 1992, Genes & development.

[60]  B. Cairns,et al.  Order of action of components in the yeast pheromone response pathway revealed with a dominant allele of the STE11 kinase and the multiple phosphorylation of the STE7 kinase. , 1992, Genes & development.

[61]  Philip R. Cohen,et al.  MAP kinase activator from insulin‐stimulated skeletal muscle is a protein threonine/tyrosine kinase. , 1992, The EMBO journal.

[62]  S. Pelech,et al.  Mitogen-activated protein kinases: versatile transducers for cell signaling. , 1992, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[63]  T. Roberts,et al.  Both p21ras and pp60v-src are required, but neither alone is sufficient, to activate the Raf-1 kinase. , 1992, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[64]  U. Rapp,et al.  Serum-, TPA-, and Ras-induced expression from Ap-1/Ets-driven promoters requires Raf-1 kinase. , 1992, Genes & development.

[65]  J. Blenis,et al.  ras mediates nerve growth factor receptor modulation of three signal-transducing protein kinases: MAP kinase, Raf-1, and RSK , 1992, Cell.

[66]  J. Blenis,et al.  Nuclear localization and regulation of erk- and rsk-encoded protein kinases , 1992, Molecular and cellular biology.

[67]  S. Leevers,et al.  Activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, ERK2, by p21ras oncoprotein. , 1992, The EMBO journal.

[68]  C. Crews,et al.  Erks: their fifteen minutes has arrived. , 1992, Cell growth & differentiation : the molecular biology journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

[69]  Jonathan A. Cooper,et al.  Requirements for phosphorylation of MAP kinase during meiosis in Xenopus oocytes. , 1992, Science.

[70]  D. E. Levin,et al.  Dominant mutations in a gene encoding a putative protein kinase (BCK1) bypass the requirement for a Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein kinase C homolog , 1992, Molecular and cellular biology.

[71]  R. Davis,et al.  A phosphorylation site located in the NH2-terminal domain of c-Myc increases transactivation of gene expression. , 1991, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[72]  James R. Woodgett,et al.  Phosphorylation of c-jun mediated by MAP kinases , 1991, Nature.

[73]  P. Cohen,et al.  Dissection of the protein kinase cascade by which nerve growth factor activates MAP kinases , 1991, Nature.

[74]  M. Wigler,et al.  byr2, a Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene encoding a protein kinase capable of partial suppression of the ras1 mutant phenotype , 1991, Molecular and cellular biology.

[75]  Nancy Y. Ip,et al.  ERKs: A family of protein-serine/threonine kinases that are activated and tyrosine phosphorylated in response to insulin and NGF , 1991, Cell.

[76]  R. Erikson,et al.  Structure, expression, and regulation of protein kinases involved in the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6. , 1991, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[77]  J. Shabanowitz,et al.  Identification of the regulatory phosphorylation sites in pp42/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAP kinase). , 1991, The EMBO journal.

[78]  B. Errede,et al.  STE11 is a protein kinase required for cell-type-specific transcription and signal transduction in yeast. , 1990, Genes & development.

[79]  N. Tonks,et al.  Insulin activates the kinase activity of the Raf-1 proto-oncogene by increasing its serine phosphorylation. , 1990, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[80]  J. Maller,et al.  Requirement for integration of signals from two distinct phosphorylation pathways for activation of MAP kinase , 1990, Nature.

[81]  S. Fields,et al.  The yeast STE12 protein binds to the DNA sequence mediating pheromone induction. , 1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[82]  A. Nasim,et al.  A gene which encodes a predicted protein kinase can restore some functions of the ras gene in fission yeast. , 1988, The EMBO journal.

[83]  Mark R. Smith,et al.  Requirement for c-ras proteins during viral oncogene transformation , 1986, Nature.

[84]  H. Michel,et al.  Molecular structure of a protein-tyrosine/threonine kinase activating p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase: MAP kinase kinase. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[85]  Brian J. Stevenson,et al.  Functional homology of protein kinases required for sexual differentiation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggests a conserved signal transduction module in eukaryotic organisms. , 1993, Molecular biology of the cell.

[86]  L. Lau,et al.  cDNA sequence of a growth factor-inducible immediate early gene and characterization of its encoded protein. , 1992, Oncogene.