Developing explosive power: a comparison of technique and training.

The influence of contraction type and movement type on power output of the upper body musculature was investigated across loads of 30-80% 1RM. Twenty seven males (21.9+/-3.1 years, 89.0+/-12.5 kg, 86.32+/-13.66 kg 1RM) of an athletic background but with no weight training experience in the previous six months volunteered for the study. The results were compared using multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures (p< or =0.05). It was found that the combinations of load, movement and contraction type affected mean and peak power in different capacities. Mean power output for rebound motion was 11.7% greater than concentric only motion. The effect of the rebound was to produce greater peak accelerations (38.5%--mean across loads), greater initial force and peak forces (14.1%--mean across loads) and early termination of the concentric phase. Peak power output was most influenced by the ability to release the bar, the greater mean velocities across all loads (4.4% average velocity and 6.7% peak velocity) attained using such a technique appeared the dominating influence. Loads of 50-70% 1RM were found to maximize mean and peak power. Loading the neuromuscular system to maximize mean or peak power output necessitates an understanding of the force-velocity characteristics of the training movement and the requirements of the individual related to the athletic performance and their training status.