Parents' Wishes for What They Had or Had Not Done and Their Coping After Their Infant's or Child's Neonatal Intensive Care Unit/Pediatric Intensive Care Unit/Emergency Department Death.

This qualitative study asked 70 mothers and 26 fathers 3 open-ended questions on what they wish they had and had not done and on coping 2, 4, 6, and 13 months after their infant's/child's neonatal intensive care unit/pediatric intensive care unit/emergency department death. Mothers wished they spent more time with the child, chosen different treatments, advocated for care changes, and allowed the child his or her wishes. Fathers wished they had spent more time with the child and gotten care earlier. Mothers wished they had not agreed to child's surgery/treatment, taken her own actions (self-blame), and left the hospital before the death. Fathers wished they had not been so hard on the child, agreed with doctors/treatment, and taken own actions (self-blame). Religious activities, caring for herself, and talking about/with the deceased child were the most frequent mothers' coping strategies; those of the fathers were caring for self and religious activities. Both mothers and fathers wished they had spent more time with their child and had not agreed to surgery/treatments. The most frequent coping was caring for themselves, likely to care for the family and retain employment. Nurses must be sensitive to parents' need for time with their infant/child before and after death and to receive information on child's treatments at levels and in languages they understand.

[1]  J. Youngblut,et al.  Parents: Wish I had done, wish I had not done, and coping after child NICU/PICU death , 2019, Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners.

[2]  P. Tanabe,et al.  Bereaved Parents’ Health Status During the First 6 Months After Their Child’s Death , 2018, The American journal of hospice & palliative care.

[3]  D. de Leo,et al.  Parents’ Experiences of Suicide-Bereavement: A Qualitative Study at 6 and 12 Months after Loss , 2018, International journal of environmental research and public health.

[4]  J. Youngblut,et al.  Parents’ Acute Illnesses, Hospitalizations, and Medication Changes During the Difficult First Year After Infant or Child NICU/PICU Death , 2018, The American journal of hospice & palliative care.

[5]  S. Munch,et al.  NICU Bereavement Care and Follow-up Support for Families and Staff , 2017, Advances in neonatal care : official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses.

[6]  Tammara L. Jenkins,et al.  End-of-Life and Bereavement Care in Pediatric Intensive Care Units. , 2017, Pediatric clinics of North America.

[7]  S. Liben,et al.  Understanding How Bereaved Parents Cope With Their Grief to Inform the Services Provided to Them , 2017, Qualitative health research.

[8]  D. Cullen,et al.  A Synthesis of Coping Experiences After Infant Death , 2017, Holistic nursing practice.

[9]  Linda J. M. Oostendorp,et al.  The under reporting of recruitment strategies in research with children with life-threatening illnesses: A systematic review , 2016, Palliative medicine.

[10]  Kina Hammarlund,et al.  Like being covered in a wet and dark blanket - Parents' lived experiences of losing a child to cancer. , 2016, European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society.

[11]  P. Hinds,et al.  Parent Perspectives of Neonatal Intensive Care at the End-of-Life. , 2016, Journal of pediatric nursing.

[12]  T. Sejersen,et al.  Parents' Experiences and Wishes at End of Life in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy Types I and II. , 2016, The Journal of pediatrics.

[13]  L. von Essen,et al.  Impressions That Last: Particularly Negative and Positive Experiences Reported by Parents Five Years after the End of a Child’s Successful Cancer Treatment or Death , 2016, PloS one.

[14]  J. Youngblut,et al.  Cause of Death of Infants and Children in the Intensive Care Unit: Parents' Recall vs Chart Review. , 2016, American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.

[15]  M. SnamanJennifer,et al.  Parental Perspectives of Communication at the End of Life at a Pediatric Oncology Institution. , 2016 .

[16]  J. Baker,et al.  Parental Perspectives of Communication at the End of Life at a Pediatric Oncology Institution. , 2016, Journal of palliative medicine.

[17]  B. McClaren,et al.  ‘A short time but a lovely little short time’: Bereaved parents' experiences of having a child with spinal muscular atrophy type 1 , 2016, Journal of paediatrics and child health.

[18]  Tammara L. Jenkins,et al.  End-of-Life Practices Among Tertiary Care PICUs in the United States: A Multicenter Study , 2015, Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.

[19]  J. Rankin,et al.  Mothers’ perspectives on the perinatal loss of a co-twin: a qualitative study , 2015, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.

[20]  F. Griffiths,et al.  What do bereaved parents want from professionals after the sudden death of their child: a systematic review of the literature , 2014, BMC Pediatrics.

[21]  Suzanne L. Nuss Redefining Parenthood: Surviving the Death of a Child , 2014, Cancer nursing.

[22]  J. Youngblut,et al.  Parent Health and Functioning 13 Months After Infant or Child NICU/PICU Death , 2013, Pediatrics.

[23]  J. Youngblut,et al.  Parent’s Perceptions of Health Care Providers Actions Around Child ICU Death , 2013, The American journal of hospice & palliative care.

[24]  G. Steelfisher,et al.  Coping With the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Experience: Parents' Strategies and Views of Staff Support , 2012, The Journal of perinatal & neonatal nursing.

[25]  M. Dietrich,et al.  Changes in parents after the death of a child from cancer. , 2012, Journal of pain and symptom management.

[26]  U. Gilrane-McGarry,et al.  Forgotten grievers: an exploration of the grief experiences of bereaved grandparents (part 2). , 2012, International journal of palliative nursing.

[27]  I. Rådestad,et al.  Effects of contact with stillborn babies on maternal anxiety and depression. , 2008, Birth.

[28]  Hsiu-Fang Hsieh,et al.  Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis , 2005, Qualitative health research.