The development of rational thought: a taxonomy of heuristics and biases.

[1]  Jonathan Evans,et al.  In two minds: Dual processes and beyond. , 2009 .

[2]  K. Stanovich What Intelligence Tests Miss: The Psychology of Rational Thought , 2009 .

[3]  Jonathan Evans How many dual-process theories do we need? One, two, or many? , 2009 .

[4]  Keith E. Stanovich,et al.  On the failure of cognitive ability to predict myside and one-sided thinking biases , 2008 .

[5]  K. Stanovich,et al.  On the relative independence of thinking biases and cognitive ability. , 2008, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[6]  D. Kuhn THE SKILLS OF ARGUMENT , 2008, Education for Thinking.

[7]  Andrew R. A. Conway,et al.  Variation in working memory , 2008 .

[8]  David Over,et al.  Rationality and the Normative/Descriptive Distinction , 2008 .

[9]  Richard Gonzalez,et al.  Decision under Risk , 2004 .

[10]  Jonathan Evans Dual-processing accounts of reasoning, judgment, and social cognition. , 2008, Annual review of psychology.

[11]  Richard F. West,et al.  On the failure of intelligence to predict myside bias and one-sided bias , 2008 .

[12]  K. Stanovich Distinguishing the reflective, algorithmic, and autonomous minds: Is it time for a tri-process theory? , 2008 .

[13]  Jonathan Evans Hypothetical Thinking: Dual Processes in Reasoning and Judgement , 2007 .

[14]  K. Stanovich,et al.  Natural myside bias is independent of cognitive ability , 2007 .

[15]  I. Levin,et al.  Stability of choices in a risky decision-making task: a 3-year longitudinal study with children and adults , 2007 .

[16]  Christoph Stahl,et al.  The abstract selection task: new data and an almost comprehensive model. , 2007, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[17]  K. Stanovich,et al.  The reasoning skills and thinking dispositions of problem gamblers: a dual‐process taxonomy , 2007 .

[18]  K. Stanovich,et al.  Cognitive Ability, Thinking Dispositions, and Instructional Set as Predictors of Critical Thinking. , 2007 .

[19]  E. Pronin,et al.  Perception and misperception of bias in human judgment , 2007, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[20]  C. Lustig,et al.  Inhibitory Mechanisms and the Control of Attention , 2007 .

[21]  Andrew M. Parker,et al.  Individual differences in adult decision-making competence. , 2007, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[22]  Daniel Gilbert,et al.  Stumbling on Happiness , 2015 .

[23]  P. Johnson-Laird How We Reason , 2006 .

[24]  V. Reyna,et al.  Physician decision making and cardiac risk: effects of knowledge, risk perception, risk tolerance, and fuzzy processing. , 2006, Journal of experimental psychology. Applied.

[25]  V. Reyna,et al.  Risk and Rationality in Adolescent Decision Making , 2006, Psychological science in the public interest : a journal of the American Psychological Society.

[26]  R. Sternberg The Rainbow Project: Enhancing the SAT through assessments of analytical, practical, and creative skills , 2006 .

[27]  D. Kahneman,et al.  Would You Be Happier If You Were Richer? A Focusing Illusion , 2006, Science.

[28]  Jonathan Evans The heuristic-analytic theory of reasoning: Extension and evaluation , 2006, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[29]  Wim De Neys,et al.  Dual Processing in Reasoning , 2006, Psychological science.

[30]  Christopher K. Hsee,et al.  Decision and experience: why don't we choose what makes us happy? , 2006, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[31]  Jonathan Evans,et al.  Rapid responding increases belief bias: Evidence for the dual-process theory of reasoning , 2005 .

[32]  P. Klaczynski,et al.  Domain-specific identity, epistemic regulation, and intellectual ability as predictors of belief-biased reasoning: a dual-process perspective. , 2005, Journal of experimental child psychology.

[33]  P. Harris,et al.  Reasoning From Unfamiliar Premises , 2005, Psychology Science.

[34]  Thomas Gilovich,et al.  Peering Into the Bias Blind Spot: People’s Assessments of Bias in Themselves and Others , 2005, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

[35]  Keith E. Stanovich,et al.  Thinking about personal theories: individual differences in the coordination of theory and evidence , 2005 .

[36]  Linden J. Ball,et al.  Think-aloud protocols and the selection task: Evidence for relevance effects and rationalisation processes , 2005 .

[37]  Jonathan Evans,et al.  A Theory of Hypothetical Thinking , 2005 .

[38]  Christopher Hertzog,et al.  Metacognition and Intelligence , 2005 .

[39]  D. Kahneman,et al.  A model of heuristic judgment , 2005 .

[40]  D. Bjorklund Children's thinking : cognitive development and individual differences / David F. Bjorklund , 2005 .

[41]  K. Holyoak,et al.  The Cambridge handbook of thinking and reasoning , 2005 .

[42]  Andrew M. Parker,et al.  Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/bdm.481 Decision-making Competence: External Validation through an Individual-differences Approach , 2005 .

[43]  Michael Anderson Marrying Intelligence and Cognition: A Developmental View , 2004 .

[44]  David C. Geary,et al.  The Origin of Mind: Evolution of Brain, Cognition, and General Intelligence , 2004 .

[45]  K. Manktelow,et al.  Psychology of reasoning : theoretical and historical perspectives , 2004 .

[46]  Ian Dennis,et al.  : Working memory, inhibitory control and the development of children's reasoning , 2004 .

[47]  P. Zelazo The development of conscious control in childhood , 2004, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[48]  K. Vohs,et al.  Handbook of self-regulation : research, theory, and applications , 2004 .

[49]  P. Klaczynski A dual-process model of adolescent development: implications for decision making, reasoning, and identity. , 2004, Advances in child development and behavior.

[50]  N. Brody What cognitive intelligence is and what emotional intelligence is not. , 2004 .

[51]  Nigel Harvey,et al.  Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making , 2004 .

[52]  Keith E. Stanovich,et al.  The Robot's Rebellion: Finding Meaning in the Age of Darwin , 2004 .

[53]  D. Lubinski Introduction to the special section on cognitive abilities: 100 years after Spearman's (1904) "'General intelligence,' objectively determined and measured". , 2004, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[54]  Irwin P. Levin,et al.  Risk preferences in young children: early evidence of individual differences in reaction to potential gains and losses , 2003 .

[55]  Jacqueline P. Leighton,et al.  The Nature of Reasoning , 2003 .

[56]  Keith E. Stanovich,et al.  Associations between myside bias on an informal reasoning task and amount of post‐secondary education , 2003 .

[57]  The Role of Prior Belief in Reasoning. , 2003 .

[58]  Jonathan Evans In two minds: dual-process accounts of reasoning , 2003, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[59]  D. Kahneman A perspective on judgment and choice: mapping bounded rationality. , 2003, The American psychologist.

[60]  Alastair G Gale,et al.  Inspection Times and the Selection Task: What do Eye-Movements Reveal about Relevance Effects? , 2003, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology.

[61]  G. Loewenstein,et al.  Time and Decision: Economic and Psychological Perspectives of Intertemporal Choice , 2003 .

[62]  G. Cullity,et al.  The architecture of reason : the structure and substance of rationality , 2003 .

[63]  Charles J. Brainerd,et al.  Emerging Perspectives on Judgment and Decision Research: Memory, Development, and Rationality: An Integrative Theory of Judgment and Decision Making , 2003 .

[64]  J. Shanteau,et al.  Emerging Perspectives on Judgment and Decision Research: List of Contributors , 2003 .

[65]  S. Stich,et al.  Mindreading: An Integrated Account of Pretence, Self-Awareness, and Understanding Other Minds , 2003 .

[66]  R. Sternberg,et al.  Wisdom, Intelligence, and Creativity Synthesized , 2003 .

[67]  K. Stanovich,et al.  Heuristic and analytic processing: age trends and associations with cognitive ability and cognitive styles. , 2002, Journal of experimental child psychology.

[68]  D. Kahneman,et al.  Heuristics and Biases: The Psychology of Intuitive Judgment , 2002 .

[69]  S. Sloman Two systems of reasoning. , 2002 .

[70]  D. Kahneman,et al.  Representativeness revisited: Attribute substitution in intuitive judgment. , 2002 .

[71]  Jonathan Evans Matching bias and set sizes: A discussion of Yama (2001) , 2002 .

[72]  I. Levin,et al.  A New Look at Framing Effects: Distribution of Effect Sizes, Individual Differences, and Independence of Types of Effects , 2002 .

[73]  K. Stanovich,et al.  The domain specificity and generality of disjunctive reasoning: Searching for a generalizable critical thinking skill , 2002 .

[74]  Robert J. Sternberg,et al.  Why smart people can be so stupid. , 2002 .

[75]  Maxwell J. Roberts,et al.  Inspection times, the change task, and the rapid-response selection task , 2001, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology.

[76]  Ian J. Deary,et al.  Intelligence: A Very Short Introduction , 2001 .

[77]  P. Klaczynski Framing effects on adolescent task representations, analytic and heuristic processing, and decision making: Implications for the normative/descriptive gap , 2001 .

[78]  P. Klaczynski Analytic and heuristic processing influences on adolescent reasoning and decision-making. , 2001, Child development.

[79]  G. Ainslie Breakdown of will , 2001 .

[80]  D. Laming,et al.  Misinterpretation of conditional statements in Wason's selection task , 2001, Psychological research.

[81]  V. Reyna,et al.  Fuzzy-trace theory: dual processes in memory, reasoning, and cognitive neuroscience. , 2001, Advances in child development and behavior.

[82]  H. Rachlin The Science of Self-Control , 2004 .

[83]  D. Kahneman A psychological point of view: Violations of rational rules as a diagnostic of mental processes , 2000, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[84]  K. Stanovich,et al.  Heuristics and Biases: Individual Differences in Reasoning: Implications for the Rationality Debate? , 2002 .

[85]  A. Tversky,et al.  Choices, Values, and Frames , 2000 .

[86]  P. Klaczynski,et al.  Motivated scientific reasoning biases, epistemological beliefs, and theory polarization: a two-process approach to adolescent cognition. , 2000, Child development.

[87]  P. Klaczynski,et al.  Personal theories, intellectual ability, and epistemological beliefs: adult age differences in everyday reasoning biases. , 2000, Psychology and aging.

[88]  M. J. Emerson,et al.  The Unity and Diversity of Executive Functions and Their Contributions to Complex “Frontal Lobe” Tasks: A Latent Variable Analysis , 2000, Cognitive Psychology.

[89]  D. Gilbert,et al.  Focalism: a source of durability bias in affective forecasting. , 2000, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[90]  J. Baron Thinking and deciding, 3rd ed. , 2000 .

[91]  R. Kail,et al.  Speed of Information Processing: Developmental Change and Links to Intelligence , 2000 .

[92]  Daniel McFadden,et al.  Rationality for Economists , 1999 .

[93]  K. Stanovich,et al.  The domain specificity and generality of belief bias: Searching for a generalizable critical thinking skill. , 1999 .

[94]  S Epstein,et al.  The relation of rational and experiential information processing styles to personality, basic beliefs, and the ratio-bias phenomenon. , 1999, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[95]  Keith E. Stanovich,et al.  Discrepancies Between Normative and Descriptive Models of Decision Making and the Understanding/Acceptance Principle , 1999, Cognitive Psychology.

[96]  S. Blackmore The Meme Machine , 1999 .

[97]  D. Kahneman,et al.  Well-being : the foundations of hedonic psychology , 1999 .

[98]  J. Metcalfe,et al.  A hot/cool-system analysis of delay of gratification: dynamics of willpower. , 1999, Psychological review.

[99]  D. Hardman Does Reasoning Occur on the Selection Task? A Comparison of Relevance-based Theories , 1998 .

[100]  A. Kühberger,et al.  The Influence of Framing on Risky Decisions: A Meta-analysis. , 1998, Organizational behavior and human decision processes.

[101]  K. Stanovich,et al.  Cognitive Ability and Variation in Selection Task Performance , 1998 .

[102]  N. Schmitt,et al.  Can Racial Differences in Cognitive Test Performance Be Reduced by Presenting Problems in a Social Context , 1998 .

[103]  Keith E. Stanovich,et al.  Individual differences in rational thought. , 1998 .

[104]  R. Nickerson Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises , 1998 .

[105]  Jonathan St. B. T. Evans,et al.  Matching bias in conditional reasoning : Do we understand it after 25 years ? , 1998 .

[106]  Keith E. Stanovich,et al.  Who uses base rates andP(D/∼H)? An analysis of individual differences , 1998 .

[107]  R. Dawes Behavioral decision making and judgment. , 1998 .

[108]  G Narasimham,et al.  Development of scientific reasoning biases: cognitive versus ego-protective explanations. , 1998, Developmental psychology.

[109]  P. Klaczynski,et al.  Goal-oriented critical reasoning and individual differences in critical reasoning biases. , 1997 .

[110]  P. Klaczynski Bias in adolescents' everyday reasoning and its relationship with intellectual ability, personal theories, and self-serving motivation. , 1997, Developmental psychology.

[111]  P. Klaczynski,et al.  Self-Serving Influences on Adolescents' Evaluations of Belief-Relevant Evidence , 1996, Journal of experimental child psychology.

[112]  Jonathan St. B. T. Evans,et al.  Deciding before you think: Relevance and reasoning in the selection task , 1996 .

[113]  J. Koehler The base rate fallacy reconsidered: Descriptive, normative, and methodological challenges , 1996, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[114]  Jonathan Evans,et al.  Rationality and reasoning , 1996 .

[115]  S. Sloman The empirical case for two systems of reasoning. , 1996 .

[116]  D. Sperber,et al.  Relevance theory explains the selection task , 1995, Cognition.

[117]  Jonathan Baron,et al.  Myside bias in thinking about abortion , 1995 .

[118]  D. Dennett Darwin's Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life , 1995 .

[119]  D. Davidson,et al.  The Representativeness Heuristic and the Conjunction Fallacy Effect in Children's Decision Making. , 1995 .

[120]  David N. Perkins,et al.  Outsmarting IQ: The Emerging Science of Learnable Intelligence , 1995 .

[121]  Valerie F. Reyna,et al.  Fuzzy-Trace Theory and Framing Effects in Children's Risky Decision Making , 1994 .

[122]  S. Epstein,et al.  Conflict Between Intuitive and Rational Processing: When People Behave Against Their Better Judgment , 1994 .

[123]  E. Shafir Uncertainty and the difficulty of thinking through disjunctions , 1994, Cognition.

[124]  R. Audi,et al.  The Structure of Justification. , 1995 .

[125]  P. Johnson-Laird,et al.  Focussing in reasoning and decision making , 1993, Cognition.

[126]  J. Perner Understanding the Representational Mind , 1993 .

[127]  S Epstein,et al.  Cognitive-experiential self-theory and subjective probability: further evidence for two conceptual systems. , 1992, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[128]  H. Arkes Costs and benefits of judgment errors: Implications for debiasing. , 1991 .

[129]  Maria T. Potenza,et al.  The use of judgment heuristics to make social and object decisions: a developmental perspective , 1991 .

[130]  D. Gilbert How mental systems believe. , 1991 .

[131]  David N. Perkins,et al.  Everyday reasoning and the roots of intelligence , 1991 .

[132]  D. Perkins,et al.  Informal reasoning and education , 1991 .

[133]  Daniel Kahneman,et al.  Anomalies: The Endowment Effect, Loss Aversion, and Status Quo Bias , 1991 .

[134]  Jonathan Baron,et al.  Beliefs about thinking. , 1991 .

[135]  Jonathan S. Evans,et al.  Bias in human reasoning , 1990 .

[136]  W. Mischel,et al.  Delay of gratification in children. , 1989, Science.

[137]  H. Markovits,et al.  The belief-bias effect in the production and evaluation of logical conclusions , 1989, Memory & cognition.

[138]  Richmond Thomason Philosophical logic and artificial intelligence , 1988, J. Philos. Log..

[139]  Hector J. Levesque,et al.  Logic and the complexity of reasoning , 1988, J. Philos. Log..

[140]  J. Kagan,et al.  Rational choice in an uncertain world , 1988 .

[141]  J. Baron Thinking and Deciding , 2023 .

[142]  A. Leslie Pretense and representation: The origins of "theory of mind." , 1987 .

[143]  J. Klayman,et al.  Confirmation, Disconfirmation, and Informa-tion in Hypothesis Testing , 1987 .

[144]  Richard Foley The Theory of Epistemic Rationality , 1987 .

[145]  A. Tversky,et al.  Rational choice and the framing of decisions , 1990 .

[146]  Hector J. Levesque,et al.  Making Believers out of Computers , 1986, Artif. Intell..

[147]  D. Krantz,et al.  The effects of statistical training on thinking about everyday problems , 1986, Cognitive Psychology.

[148]  Ryan D. Tweney,et al.  Can Scientists Rationally Assess Conditional Inferences? , 1985 .

[149]  D. Perkins Postprimary Education Has Little Impact on Informal Reasoning. , 1985 .

[150]  James P. Byrnes,et al.  Developmental and Individual Differences in Conditional Reasoning: The Role of Contradiction Training and Cognitive Style , 1985 .

[151]  A. Tversky,et al.  Extensional versus intuitive reasoning: the conjunction fallacy in probability judgment , 1983 .

[152]  P. Pollard,et al.  On the conflict between logic and belief in syllogistic reasoning , 1983, Memory & cognition.

[153]  A. Tversky,et al.  The simulation heuristic , 1982 .

[154]  G. A. Miller,et al.  Book Review Nisbett, R. , & Ross, L.Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings of social judgment.Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1980. , 1982 .

[155]  A. Tversky,et al.  The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. , 1981, Science.

[156]  J. Harvey Cognition, social behavior, and the environment , 1981 .

[157]  L. Ross,et al.  Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgment. , 1981 .

[158]  A. Tversky,et al.  Prospect Theory : An Analysis of Decision under Risk Author ( s ) : , 2007 .

[159]  A. Tversky,et al.  Prospect theory: analysis of decision under risk , 1979 .

[160]  Timothy D. Wilson,et al.  Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. , 1977 .

[161]  P. C. Wason,et al.  Rationalization in a Reasoning Task. , 1976 .

[162]  E. Valentine,et al.  Performance on two Reasoning Tasks in Relation to Intelligence, Divergence and Interference Proneness. , 1975 .

[163]  A. Tversky,et al.  Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases , 1974, Science.

[164]  J. S. Evans,et al.  Matching bias in the selection task. , 1973 .

[165]  A. Tversky,et al.  On the psychology of prediction , 1973 .

[166]  J. S. Evans,et al.  Interpretation and Matching Bias in a Reasoning Task , 1972 .

[167]  P C Wason,et al.  Reasoning about a Rule , 1968, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology.

[168]  B. Foss New Horizons in Psychology 1 , 1966 .

[169]  R. Jeffrey The Logic of Decision , 1968 .

[170]  M. Sahlins Evolution and culture , 1960 .

[171]  H. Raiffa,et al.  Games and Decisions. , 1960 .

[172]  L. J. Savage,et al.  The Foundations of Statistics , 1955 .

[173]  W. Edwards The theory of decision making. , 1954, Psychological bulletin.

[174]  M. Herskovits ON "RACIAL" DIFFERENCES. , 1938, Science.

[175]  J. Neumann,et al.  Theory of games and economic behavior , 1945, 100 Years of Math Milestones.

[176]  S. Fiske,et al.  The Handbook of Social Psychology , 1935 .