Adaptive protection scheme for smart microgrid with electronically coupled distributed generations

Abstract This paper aims at modelling an electronically coupled distributed energy resource with an adaptive protection scheme. The electronically coupled distributed energy resource is a microgrid framework formed by coupling the renewable energy source electronically. Further, the proposed adaptive protection scheme provides a suitable protection to the microgrid for various fault conditions irrespective of the operating mode of the microgrid: namely, grid connected mode and islanded mode. The outstanding aspect of the developed adaptive protection scheme is that it monitors the microgrid and instantly updates relay fault current according to the variations that occur in the system. The proposed adaptive protection scheme also employs auto reclosures, through which the proposed adaptive protection scheme recovers faster from the fault and thereby increases the consistency of the microgrid. The effectiveness of the proposed adaptive protection is studied through the time domain simulations carried out in the PSCAD ⧹ EMTDC software environment.

[1]  Hazlie Mokhlis,et al.  Smart power management algorithm in microgrid consisting of photovoltaic, diesel, and battery storage plants considering variations in sunlight, temperature, and load , 2014 .

[2]  Prasenjit Basak,et al.  A literature review on integration of distributed energy resources in the perspective of control, protection and stability of microgrid , 2012 .

[3]  Shahram Jadid,et al.  Integrated scheduling of renewable generation and demand response programs in a microgrid , 2014 .

[4]  Siegfried Heier,et al.  Grid Integration of Wind Energy Conversion Systems , 1998 .

[5]  Sukumar Brahma,et al.  Development of adaptive protection scheme for distribution systems with high penetration of distributed generation , 2004 .

[6]  Thomas Ackermann,et al.  Wind Power in Power Systems , 2005 .

[7]  Kai Strunz,et al.  A BENCHMARK LOW VOLTAGE MICROGRID NETWORK , 2005 .

[8]  C. L. Smallwood,et al.  Distributed generation in autonomous and nonautonomous micro grids , 2002, 2002 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 46th Annual Conference (Cat. No. 02CH37360).

[9]  H J Laaksonen,et al.  Protection Principles for Future Microgrids , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[10]  Jae-Do Park,et al.  Fault Detection and Isolation in Low-Voltage DC-Bus Microgrid System , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[11]  Hui Wan,et al.  An Adaptive Multiagent Approach to Protection Relay Coordination With Distributed Generators in Industrial Power Distribution System , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[12]  Tarlochan S. Sidhu,et al.  A communication-based strategy for protection of microgrids with looped configuration , 2013 .

[13]  A. Girgis,et al.  Effect of distributed generation on protective device coordination in distribution system , 2001, LESCOPE 01. 2001 Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering. Conference Proceedings. Theme: Powering Beyond 2001 (Cat. No.01ex490).

[14]  R Sitharthan,et al.  An adaptive Elman neural network with C-PSO learning algorithm based pitch angle controller for DFIG based WECS , 2017 .

[15]  Minwon Park,et al.  PSCAD/EMTDC modeling and simulation of solar-powered hydrogen production system , 2006 .

[16]  N. Hadjsaid,et al.  Dispersed generation impact on distribution networks , 1999 .

[17]  Johann Jaeger,et al.  Adaptive protection system for distribution networks with distributed energy resources , 2010 .

[18]  Joydeep Mitra,et al.  Microgrid Protection Using Communication-Assisted Digital Relays , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[19]  Hossam A. Gabbar,et al.  Study of Micro Grid Safety & Protection Strategies with Control System Infrastructures , 2012 .

[20]  Akhtar Kalam,et al.  An adaptive microgrid protection scheme based on a wide-area smart grid communications network , 2013, 2013 IEEE Latin-America Conference on Communications.

[21]  M.A. Redfern,et al.  A voltage based protection for micro-grids containing power electronic converters , 2006, 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[22]  Geert Deconinck,et al.  Protection of microgrids with a high penetration of inverter-coupled energy sources , 2009, 2009 CIGRE/IEEE PES Joint Symposium Integration of Wide-Scale Renewable Resources Into the Power Delivery System.

[23]  Tarlochan S. Sidhu,et al.  A Protection Strategy and Microprocessor-Based Relay for Low-Voltage Microgrids , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[24]  Mohammad Hassan Moradi,et al.  A hybrid method for simultaneous optimization of DG capacity and operational strategy in microgrids utilizing renewable energy resources , 2014 .

[25]  K. Strunz,et al.  Developing benchmark models for low-voltage distribution feeders , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[26]  S. Chowdhury,et al.  Microgrids and Active Distribution Networks , 2009 .

[27]  Peter Vas,et al.  Sensorless vector and direct torque control , 1998 .

[28]  S. Conti,et al.  Innovative solutions for protection schemes in autonomous MV micro-grids , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power.

[29]  Amirnaser Yazdani,et al.  A control strategy for islanded operation of a Distributed Resource (DR) unit , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[30]  Pablo Correa,et al.  Control of a Single-Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.