The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education: Introducing the Entrepreneurship Education Project

The Entrepreneurship ducation roject (http://www.trepeducation.com) is a global, longitudinal research initiative through which university students offer entrepreneurship educators and researchers data‐driven insights into the impact of entrepreneurial education on (1) both the motivational processes underlying students' road to entrepreneurship and through the entrepreneurial process and (2) the process of identity transformation from student to entrepreneur. Rooted in ocial ognitive areer heory, the ntrepreneurship ducation roject data initiative is the largest, most comprehensive study of students across the globe. Phase data consist of over 18,000 student responses, spanning over 70 countries and 400 universities. This paper presents an overview of the data, study justification, and conceptual scheme. Initial studies provide results indicating the study measures met contemporary standards or reliability, exceed the average sample sizes of top‐tier entrepreneurship journals, and present some very interesting questions to be explored in future research.

[1]  Mark Peterson,et al.  Entrepreneurial Self–Efficacy: Refining the Measure , 2009 .

[2]  Stewart Smith,et al.  The Second Generation , 1988 .

[3]  Alexander D. Stajkovic,et al.  Self-efficacy and work-related performance: A meta-analysis. , 1998 .

[4]  Jerome A. Katz.  The chronology and intellectual trajectory of American entrepreneurship education: 1876–1999 , 2003 .

[5]  Edmund R. Thompson,et al.  Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric , 2009 .

[6]  Planning Benson Honig.  Entrepreneurship Education: Toward a Model of Contingency-Based Business , 2004 .

[7]  George T. Solomon,et al.  THE STATE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES: A NATIONWIDE SURVEY AND ANALYSIS , 2002 .

[8]  Fernando Alberti,et al.  The Assessment of Entrepreneurship Education , 2000 .

[9]  P. Davidsson,et al.  The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs , 2000 .

[10]  Harry Matlay,et al.  The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial outcomes , 2008 .

[11]  N. Krueger.  The Cognitive Infrastructure of Opportunity Emergence , 2000 .

[12]  D. Jackson,et al.  Component Analysis versus Common Factor Analysis: Some Further Observations. , 1990, Multivariate behavioral research.

[13]  Steven D. Brown,et al.  Social Cognitive Approach to Career Development: An Overview , 1996 .

[14]  A. Bhide.  The Origin and Evolution of New Businesses , 2000 .

[15]  M. Bartlett.  A Note on the Multiplying Factors for Various χ2 Approximations , 1954 .

[16]  J. Kasarda,et al.  The State of the Art of Entrepreneurship , 1992 .

[17]  Robert W. Lent,et al.  Career choice barriers, supports, and coping strategies: College students' experiences. , 2002 .

[18]  Nancy E. Betz,et al.  Efficacy and Outcome Expectations Influence Career Exploration and Decidedness. , 1997 .

[19]  Vangelis Souitaris,et al.  Do entrepreneurship programmes raise entrepreneurial intention of science and engineering students? The effect of learning, inspiration and resources , 2007 .

[20]  Francisco Liñán,et al.  Does Social Capital Affect Entrepreneurial Intentions? , 2007 .

[21]  A. Bandura.  Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control , 1997, Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy.

[22]  N. Krueger.  The Impact of Prior Entrepreneurial Exposure on Perceptions of New Venture Feasibility and Desirability* , 1993 .

[23]  Benoît Gailly,et al.  Assessing the Impact of Entrepreneurship Education: A Methodology and Three Experiments from French Engineering Schools , 2009 .

[24]  Laura Galloway,et al.  Global Entrepreneurship Monitor , 2002 .

[25]  Fiona Wilson,et al.  Gender, Entrepreneurial Self–Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Career Intentions: Implications for Entrepreneurship Education 1 , 2007 .

[26]  Michael D. Reilly,et al.  Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions , 2000 .

[27]  W. Velicer,et al.  Comparison of five rules for determining the number of components to retain. , 1986 .

[28]  Carolyn Pillers Dobler,et al.  SPSS for Introductory Statistics: Use and Interpretation (2nd ed.)/SPSS For Intermediate Statistics: Use and Interpretation (2nd ed.) , 2005 .

[29]  Jason W. Osborne,et al.  Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. , 2005 .

[30]  Wayne A. Long,et al.  Entrepreneurship education in the nineties , 1987 .

[31]  R. Loo.  A caveat on using single‐item versus multiple‐item scales , 2002 .

[32]  E. Deci,et al.  The support of autonomy and the control of behavior. , 1987, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[33]  Michael R. Mullen,et al.  Research Methods in the Leading Small Business–Entrepreneurship Journals: A Critical Review with Recommendations for Future Research** , 2009 .

[34]  J. Eccles,et al.  Motivational beliefs, values, and goals. , 2002, Annual review of psychology.

[35]  Robert W. Lent,et al.  The role of contextual supports and barriers in the choice of math/science educational options: A test of social cognitive hypotheses , 2001 .

[36]  A. Bandura.  Perceived Self-Efficacy in Cognitive Development and Functioning , 1993, Educational Psychologist.

[37]  Xin Yao,et al.  The Behavioral Impact of Entrepreneur Identity Aspiration and Prior Entrepreneurial Experience , 2011 .

[38]  Harry Matlay,et al.  Entrepreneurship education in the UK: a longitudinal perspective , 2007 .

[39]  Wade C. Leuwerke,et al.  Predicting Occupational Considerations: A Comparison of Self-Efficacy Beliefs, Outcome Expectations, and Person-Environment Congruence , 2000 .

[40]  Steven D. Brown,et al.  Toward a Unifying Social Cognitive Theory of Career and Academic Interest, Choice, and Performance , 1994 .

[41]  R. Cattell.  The Scree Test For The Number Of Factors. , 1966, Multivariate behavioral research.

[42]  Kennon M. Sheldon,et al.  Avoidance Personal Goals and Subjective Well-Being , 1997, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

[43]  H. Kaiser.  A second generation little jiffy , 1970 .

[44]  Jacqueline Fendt.  The Entrepreneurship Research Challenge , 2009 .

[45]  James C. Hayton,et al.  Factor Retention Decisions in Exploratory Factor Analysis: a Tutorial on Parallel Analysis , 2004 .

[46]  Dean A. Shepherd,et al.  Educating Entrepreneurship Students About Emotion and Learning From Failure , 2004 .

[47]  Magnus Klofsten,et al.  Entrepreneurial Intent among Students in Scandinavia and in the USA , 2001 .

[48]  Heidi M. Neck,et al.  Entrepreneurship education: known worlds and new frontiers , 2011, IEEE Engineering Management Review.

[49]  Frances M. Hill,et al.  Entrepreneurship education and training - can entrepreneurship be taught? Part I , 2005 .

[50]  Jessica Kennedy,et al.  Enterprise Education: Influencing Students’ Perceptions of Entrepreneurship , 2003 .

[51]  David Kirsch,et al.  Form or Substance: The Role of Business Plans in Venture Capital Decision Making , 2009 .

[52]  T. Judge,et al.  Relationship of core self-evaluations traits--self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability--with job satisfaction and job performance: a meta-analysis. , 2001, The Journal of applied psychology.

[53]  R. Gorsuch.  Common Factor Analysis versus Component Analysis: Some Well and Little Known Facts. , 1990, Multivariate behavioral research.

[54]  A. Bandura.  Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory , 1985 .

[55]  磯辺 剛彦,et al.  起業と経済成長 : global entrepreneurship monitor調査報告 , 2011 .

[56]  D. Birch.  Job Creation in America: How Our Smallest Companies Put the Most People to Work , 1987 .

[57]  Robert W. Lent,et al.  Contextual supports and barriers to career choice: A social cognitive analysis. , 2000 .

[58]  L. Galloway,et al.  Entrepreneurship education at university: a driver in the creation of high growth firms? , 2002 .

[59]  Brandon H. Lee,et al.  Tilting at Windmills? The Environmental Movement and the Emergence of the U.S. Wind Energy Sector , 2009 .

[60]  L. Kolvereid,et al.  New business start-up and subsequent entry into self-employment , 2006 .

[61]  Alain Fayolle,et al.  Evaluation of entrepreneurship education: behaviour performing or intention increasing? , 2005 .

[62]  Nadya A. Fouad,et al.  Subject-matter specificity of self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, interests, and goals: Implications for the social–cognitive model. , 1999 .

[63]  C. Mason.  Book Review: Handbook of Entrepreneurship Research: An Interdisciplinary Survey and Introduction , 2005 .

[64]  Rosemary Athayde,et al.  Measuring Enterprise Potential in Young People , 2009 .

[65]  A. Gibb.  In Pursuit of a New 'Enterprise' and 'Entrepreneurship' Paradigm for Learning: Creative Destruction, New Values, New Ways of Doing Things and New Combinations of Knowledge , 2002 .

[66]  Christopher L. Shook,et al.  Are We There Yet? , 2010 .

[67]  Paul A. Gore,et al.  Role of Social-Cognitive Expectations in High School Students' Mathematics-Related Interest and Performance. , 1997 .

[68]  A. Fayolle,et al.  Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education programmes : A new methodology , 2006 .

[69]  D. Kuratko.  The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Education: Development, Trends, and Challenges , 2005 .

[70]  Michael J. Kay,et al.  Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship: A meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes , 2013 .

[71]  Jerome A. Katz,et al.  From the Guest Co-Editors , 2004 .

[72]  A. Bandura.  Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective. , 1999, Annual review of psychology.

[73]  D. Harhoff,et al.  The Effects of Entrepreneurship Education , 2009 .

[74]  J. Carr,et al.  Prior family business exposure as intergenerational influence and entrepreneurial intent: A Theory of Planned Behavior approach , 2007 .

[75]  George M. Zinkhan,et al.  Nonresponse and generalizability in academic research , 2006 .

[76]  Douglas W. Lyon,et al.  Issues of Research Design and Construct Measurement in Entrepreneurship Research: The past Decade , 2001 .

[77]  D. Schunk.  Learning Theories: An Educational Perspective , 1991 .

[78]  Michael Schaub,et al.  The role of personality and learning experiences in social cognitive career theory , 2005 .

[79]  Richard G. Netemeyer,et al.  Scaling Procedures: Issues and Applications , 2003 .

[80]  S. Thompson.  Social Learning Theory , 2008 .