A stochastic model for design and evaluation of chain collision avoidance applications

Cooperative/Chain Collision Avoidance (CCA) is an important type of safety-related applications of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). They provide collaborative communication capabilities to vehicles in order to reduce the number of accidents on the road. Simulation is the usual choice to evaluate these systems. However, current simulation tools based on car-following models cannot be seamlessly used to simulate accidents, as we discuss here. Therefore, in this paper we propose the use of a stochastic model as an alternative to simulation for the design and performance evaluation of such applications. The model enables the computation of the average number of collisions that occurs in a platoon of vehicles, the probabilities of the different ways in which the collisions may take place, as well as other statistics of interest. The suitability of the model for evaluating CCA applications is shown by comparing our results with other authors' simulation results. Additionally, it can be used at an early stage to shed relevant guidelines for the design of CCA applications, by disclosing the influence of kinematic parameters on the collision process. To exemplify it, we provide an evaluation of different types of CCA applications in two scenarios, a freeway and an urban scenario.

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