Cytochrome C Based Superoxide Sensor for In Vivo Application

A superoxide sensor based on immobilized cytochrome c has been applied for short time implantation. It has a “stabilization time” of several minutes and the working stability during implantation allows the investigation of the role of superoxide during ischaemia and reperfusion. Its current output is in the pA range.

[1]  E. Laviron.  The use of polarography and cyclic voltammetry for the study of redox systems with adsorption of the reactants. Heterogeneous vs. surface path , 1995 .

[2]  H. Chung,et al.  Xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase and oxidative stress , 1997, AGE.

[3]  F S Mathews,et al.  The structure, function and evolution of cytochromes. , 1985, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[4]  F. Scheller,et al.  Superoxide Dismutase Activity Measurement Using Cytochrome c-Modified Electrode. , 1999, Analytical Chemistry.

[5]  M. Trujillo,et al.  Kinetics of cytochrome c2+ oxidation by peroxynitrite: implications for superoxide measurements in nitric oxide-producing biological systems. , 1995, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

[6]  A. Scheeline,et al.  Amperometric sensors for simultaneous superoxide and hydrogen peroxide detection. , 1997, Analytical chemistry.

[7]  F. Scheller,et al.  A method to detect superoxide radicals using Teflon membrane and superoxide dismutase , 1995 .

[8]  T. Malinski,et al.  Nitric oxide measurement using electrochemical methods. , 1996, Methods in Enzymology.

[9]  F R Salemme,et al.  An hypothetical structure for an intermolecular electron transfer complex of cytochromes c and b5. , 1976, Journal of molecular biology.

[10]  Michael J. Tarlov,et al.  Electron-transfer reaction of cytochrome c adsorbed on carboxylic acid terminated alkanethiol monolayer electrodes , 1991 .

[11]  I. Fridovich,et al.  The reduction of cytochrome c by milk xanthine oxidase. , 1968, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[12]  Michael J. Tarlov,et al.  Characterization of cytochrome c/alkanethiolate structures prepared by self-assembly on gold , 1993 .

[13]  P. Dutton,et al.  Oxidation-reduction potentials of cytochromes in mitochondria. , 1970, Biochemistry.

[14]  U. Wollenberger,et al.  Electrochemical investigations of the intermolecular electron transfer between cytochrome c and NADPH-cytochrome P450-reductase , 1997 .

[15]  Liang-Hong Guo,et al.  Direct electrochemistry of proteins and enzymes , 1991 .

[16]  J. V. Bannister,et al.  Application of the electrochemistry of cytochrome c to the measurement of superoxide radical production. , 1989, Free radical research communications.

[17]  H. Abruña,et al.  Chemically modified electrode for the selective and sensitive determination of nitric oxide (NO) in vitro and in biological systems , 1994 .

[18]  T. Meyer,et al.  Fiber-optic nitric oxide-selective biosensors and nanosensors. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.

[19]  T. Kent,et al.  In vivo Detection of Superoxide Anion Production by the Brain Using a Cytochrome c Electrode , 1995, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[20]  U. Wollenberger,et al.  Electron transfer between cytochrome c and copper enzymes , 1996 .

[21]  M. Tarlov,et al.  Voltammetry of covalently immobilized cytochrome c on self-assembled monolayer electrodes , 1992 .

[22]  Allen J. Bard,et al.  Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications , 1980 .

[23]  I. Taniguchi,et al.  Voltammetric response of horse heart cytochrome c at a gold electrode in the presence of sulfur bridged bipyridines , 1982 .