Heavy petroleum fractions are structurally and compositionally complex mixtures that defy characterization by many traditional analytical techniques. Here, we present the detailed characterization of a Middle Eastern heavy crude oil distillation series, in further support of the Boduszynski model, which proposes that petroleum is a continuum with regard to composition, molecular weight, aromaticity, and heteroatom content as a function of the boiling point. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) provides ultrahigh resolving power and mass accuracy and thereby allows for elemental assignment for each of the tens of thousands of peaks in a single crude oil sample. Part 1 of our five-part series established the validity of the Boduszynski model for the heavy vacuum gas oil (HVGO) distillation series. Here, we extend our analysis to fractions from a Middle Eastern heavy crude with cut temperatures including and beyond the middle distillate range. Collectively, the detailed com...