Corrupt organizations: modeling educators’ misconduct with cellular automata

Misconduct in education is a serious problem internationally. Corruption and other forms of misconduct may be modeled in large educational organizations with strong vertical and horizontal ties with the help of cellular automata. This paper offers a theoretical framework and a methodology based on cellular automata to study corruption in large educational organizations, including school districts and state and private university and college systems. Cellular automaton allows making forecasts, assessments, and predictions about the scope and scale of corruption within organizations. Starting with different cases or combinations of behavior on the workplace and working environment as initial conditions, the process of cellular automation simulates behavior of educators and results in images that depict likely future developments in educators’ misconduct within educational organizations. The results of simulations reflect patterns of academic, financial, and administrative misconduct that may be found in academia.

[1]  Franz Wirl,et al.  Socio-economic typologies of bureaucratic corruption and implications , 1998 .

[2]  S. Rose-Ackerman The economics of corruption , 1975 .

[3]  S. Wolfram,et al.  Two-dimensional cellular automata , 1985 .

[4]  Blake E. Ashforth,et al.  Re-Viewing Organizational Corruption , 2008 .

[5]  Dirk Helbing,et al.  Self-Organization and Emergence in Social Systems: Modeling the Coevolution of Social Environments and Cooperative Behavior , 2011 .

[6]  Michael D. Pfarrer,et al.  After the Fall: Reintegrating the Corrupt Organization , 2008 .

[7]  Francis T. Lui,et al.  An Equilibrium Queuing Model of Bribery , 1985, Journal of Political Economy.

[8]  S. Rose-Ackerman Corruption: A study in political economy , 1978 .

[9]  Michael J. Prietula,et al.  Computational organization theory , 1994 .

[10]  Boris Podobnik,et al.  Quantitative relations between corruption and economic factors , 2007, 0705.0161.

[11]  Edward C. Banfield,et al.  Corruption as a Feature of Governmental Organization , 1975, The Journal of Law and Economics.

[12]  Ararat L. Osipian Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme: Political Corruption of Russian Doctorates , 2008 .

[13]  Ararat L. Osipian Economics of corruption in doctoral education: The dissertations market , 2012 .

[14]  Peter W. Rodgers,et al.  The Problems of Corruption in Post-Soviet Ukraine's Higher Education Sector , 2009 .

[15]  S. Solnick Stealing the State: Control and Collapse in Soviet Institutions , 1999 .

[16]  K. Darden The Integrity of Corrupt States: Graft as an Informal State Institution , 2008 .

[17]  Ararat L. Osipian Vouchers, tests, loans, privatization: Will they help tackle corruption in Russian higher education? , 2009 .

[18]  G. Stigler,et al.  Law Enforcement, Malfeasance, and Compensation of Enforcers , 1974, The Journal of Legal Studies.

[19]  Donald Lange,et al.  A Multidimensional Conceptualization of Organizational Corruption Control , 2008 .

[20]  J. Choi,et al.  The Economics of Repeated Extortion , 1998 .

[21]  P. Blanchard,et al.  The Epidemics of Corruption , 2005, physics/0505031.

[22]  David Martimort,et al.  Collusion under Asymmetric Information , 1997 .

[23]  Ararat L. Osipian Who is Guilty and What to Do? Popular Opinion and Public Discourse of Corruption in Russian Higher Education , 2012 .

[24]  J. Tirole Hierarchies and Bureaucracies: On the Role of Collusion in Organizations , 1986 .

[25]  Ararat L. Osipian Corruption and Coercion: University Autonomy Versus State Control , 2008 .

[26]  R. Klitgaard Elitism and Meritocracy in Developing Countries: Selection Policies for Higher Education , 1986 .

[27]  Jacques Lawarree,et al.  Collusion in Hierarchical Agency , 2013 .

[28]  Frits K. Pil,et al.  Corrupt Organizations or Organizations of Corrupt Individuals? Two Types of Organization-Level Corruption , 2008 .

[29]  Ararat L. Osipian Corruption hierarchies in higher education in the former Soviet Bloc , 2009 .

[30]  Vilmos F. Misangyi,et al.  Ending Corruption: The Interplay Among Institutional Logics, Resources, and Institutional Entrepreneurs , 2008 .

[31]  M. Baç Corruption and Supervision Costs in Hierarchies , 1996 .

[32]  Ararat L. Osipian Corrupt Organizational Hierarchies in the Former Soviet Bloc , 2007 .

[33]  B. Rider Corruption:The Enemy Within , 1997 .

[34]  Ting Gong,et al.  Dangerous collusion: corruption as a collective venture in contemporary China , 2002 .

[35]  Ararat L. Osipian Corruption in Higher Education: Conceptual Approaches and Measurement Techniques , 2007 .

[36]  Susan Rose-Ackerman,et al.  Corruption and Government: Causes, Consequences, and Reform , 1999 .

[37]  Hal R. Varian,et al.  MONITORING AGENTS WITH OTHER AGENTS , 1989 .

[38]  Ararat L. Osipian ‘Feed from the Service’: Corruption and Coercion in State-University Relations in Central Eurasia , 2009 .

[39]  Ararat L. Osipian Corruption and Reform in Higher Education in Ukraine , 2009 .

[40]  S. Wolfram Random sequence generation by cellular automata , 1986 .

[41]  Trond E. Olsen,et al.  Collusion and Renegotiation in Hierarchies: A Case of Beneficial Corruption , 1998 .

[42]  S. Guriev,et al.  Red Tape and Corruption , 2003 .

[43]  Jean Tirole,et al.  A Theory of Collective Reputations (with applications to the persistence of corruption and to firm quality) , 1996 .

[44]  Mehmet Bac,et al.  Corruption, Supervision and the Structure of Hierarchies , 1996 .

[45]  Alan H. Bond,et al.  Distributed Artificial Intelligence , 1988 .

[46]  Jean Tirole,et al.  Collusion and the Theory of Organizations , 1991 .

[47]  Francis T. Lui A dynamic model of corruption deterrence , 1986 .

[48]  Susan Rose-Ackerman,et al.  International Handbook on the Economics of Corruption , 2007 .

[49]  Jean-Jacques Laffont,et al.  Advances in economic theory : Sixth World Congress , 1993 .

[50]  Ararat L. Osipian Corruption in the politicized university: lessons for Ukraine's 2010 presidential elections , 2010 .

[51]  Ararat L. Osipian The Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth: A Case Study in Post-Soviet Ukraine, 1989–2009 , 2009 .

[52]  D. Waite,et al.  Corruption and Abuse of Power in Educational Administration , 2003 .

[53]  Ararat L. Osipian Corruption in Higher Education: Does it Differ across the Nations and Why? , 2008 .

[54]  Ararat L. Osipian Political Graft and Education Corruption in Ukraine: Compliance, Collusion, and Control , 2008 .

[55]  Roland Strausz Collusion and Renegotiation in a Principal-Supervisor-Agent Relationship , 1997 .

[56]  S. Rose-Ackerman,et al.  Electoral Rules and Constitutional Structures as Constraints on Corruption , 2005, British Journal of Political Science.

[57]  Ararat L. Osipian Education Corruption, Reform, and Growth: Case of Post-Soviet Russia , 2009 .

[58]  Jacques Lawarree,et al.  On the Optimality of Allowing Collusion , 2015 .

[59]  Juan D. Carrillo,et al.  Corruption in Hierarchies , 2000 .

[60]  Mehmet Bac,et al.  Corruption, Connections and Transparency: Does a Better Screen Imply a Better Scene? , 2001 .

[61]  J. Hallak,et al.  Corrupt schools, corrupt universities : what can be done? , 2007 .

[62]  Mehmet Bac,et al.  The Scope, Timing, and Type of Corruption , 1998 .

[63]  Anke S. Kessler On Monitoring and Collusion in Hierarchies , 2000, J. Econ. Theory.

[64]  Ararat L. Osipian Loyalty as rent: corruption and politicization of Russian universities , 2012 .

[65]  Ajit Mishra Corruption, Hierarchies and Bureaucratic Structures , 2006 .

[66]  Stephen Wolfram,et al.  Universality and complexity in cellular automata , 1983 .