Multiscale Multiphysic Approaches in Vascular Hemodynamics

Vascular hemodynamics are an important part of many medical and engineering applications. The advances in imaging technologies, modeling methods and the increasing computational power allow for sophisticated in-depth studies of the fluid dynamical behavior of blood. The integration of patient-specific geometries, the consideration of dynamical boundary conditions and the interaction between fluid and solid structures play the major role in all numerical modeling frameworks. The following chapter gives a brief summary on each of these topics providing a concise guideline for the interested modeler. In the end three applications are provided. Studies on Fluid-Structure-Interaction in the aortic arch, multiscale CFD simulations of heart support and the vascular hemodynamics in the cerebral arteries (Circle of Willis) are shown. The cases are chosen to emphasize the emerging complexity of fluid dynamics in biological systems and the methods to tackle these obstacles.