Available Bandwidth Estimation Using Collision Probability, Idle Period Synchronization and Random Waiting Time in MANETs: Cognitive Agent Based Approach

AbstractIn Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs), each node estimates available bandwidth (AB) before transmission of real-time multimedia data, as the channel is shared. The existing AB estimation techniques lack accuracy and add overhead. Accuracy of these AB estimation techniques could be enhanced by adopting some intelligent techniques. Intelligent software agents such as cognitive agent (CA) have significant potential to solve the challenges of estimating AB in MANETs. Intelligence is provided similar to the logical thinking like human for decision making in CA. The predominant CA architecture is belief desire intention model, which performs the task on behalf of human user as an assistant to him/her. In this paper, we propose CA-based available bandwidth estimation using collision probability, Idle period synchronization and random waiting time (BECIT) in MANETs. The proposed BECIT technique uses CA at each node to create mobile agents for collecting and distributing the statistics (such as idle period, packet loss, and AB, etc.) over the network. The collected network statistics are used by CA to estimate AB using our previous work distributed lagrange interpolation based AB estimation (DLI-ABE). The DLI-ABE comprises of statistical models for idle period synchronization by differentiating their states as BUSY, IDLE, and SENSE BUSY; collision probability using distributed Lagrange Interpolation polynomial; and random waiting time that consumes AB such as request-to-send, clear-to-send commands in IEEE 802.11 standard. Estimation of end-to-end AB on a multi-hop path uses each node AB. The simulation results show that BECIT performs approximately 30 % more accurate than the non-agent based AB estimation scheme. Memory overhead is essential to store knowledge base for agents whereas the computational overhead is due to Lagrange Interpolation polynomial at each node in the proposed scheme.

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