Toxicogenomics in regulatory ecotoxicology.

Recent years have witnessed an explosion of different genomic approaches which, through a combination of advanced biological, instrumental and bioinformatic techniques, can yield a previously unparalleled amount of data concerning the molecular and biochemical status of organisms. Fueled partially by large, well-publicized efforts such as the human genome project, genomic research has become a rapidly growing topical area in multiple biological disciplines. Since 1999 when the term toxicogenomics was coined to describe the application of genomics to toxicology, a citation analysis reveals a rapid increase in publications dealing with the topic. The potential utility of toxicogenomics in toxicological research and regulatory activities has been the subject of scientific discussions and, as with any new technology, there is a wide range of opinion. The purpose of this feature article is to consider roles of toxicogenomics in the field of regulatory ecotoxicology, explore current limitations in the science and practice of genomics, and propose possible avenues to approach and resolve some of the major challenges. A significant amount of input to our analysis came from a workshop sponsored by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry in Pellston, MI in September, 2005.

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