Prevalence and health impacts of sleep disorders in Japan

Objectives and methods: In recent years, sleep research has shown that disturbed sleep increases morbidity and mortality, which has lead to recognition of the importance of sleep for health and sleep issues are now included in the development of global national health strategies. From the public health viewpoint, we conducted literature reviews focusing on prevalence and prospective studies performed in Japan for the last ten years to elucidate how many people suffer from sleep disorders and how much these disorders affect their health. Results: Prevalences were approximately 20% for chronic symptomatic insomnia, 3-22% for sleep apnea syndrome, 2-12% for periodic limb movement disorder, 0.96 -1.80% for restless legs syndrome, 0.16 -0.59% for narcolepsy, and 0.13-0.40% for delayed sleep phase disorder. Short and long sleep durations were associated with significantly increased all-cause mortality, with relative risks of 1.3-2.4 and 1.4-1.6, respectively. Difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep were also

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