Enhancement of embryogenesis and plant regeneration from barley anther culture by low doses of gamma irradiation

SummaryThe effects of 0,5 and 10 Gy doses of gamma irradiation on the enhancement of embryogenesis and plant regeneration efficiency of three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes, Igri, Arabi Abiad and AECS 76, were evaluated. Embryo yields at 5 and 10 Gy doses were significantly higher than those of the control (OGy). This effect was genotype-dependent. The most responsive genotype was Igri, with 592.8 embryos 32 anthers exposed to 10 Gy. However, despite a high embryo induction rate, the green plant regeneration rate was low. Arbi Abiad had a higher ability to generate green plants produced from, with 28. 13 plantlets obtained from 32 anthers at 10 Gy; irradiation had no significant effect on regeneration of Igri and AECS 76 genotypes. In general, the 10 Gy dose produced a much higher embryo yield than the 5 Gy dose. The root-tip chromosome number and the fertility of 298 regenerating green plants of cv. Igri revealed that 64% of the tested plants were spontaneously doubled haploids (DHs) and fertile.

[1]  E. Simion,et al.  Isolated microspore culture of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a defined media I. Effects of pretreatment, isolation methods, and hormones , 1995, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant.

[2]  Minghuang Wang,et al.  Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). , 2006, Methods in molecular biology.

[3]  B. Al-Safadi,et al.  The effect of gamma irradiation on potato microtuber production in vitro , 2000, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[4]  I. Nabulsi,et al.  Effect of low doses of gamma irradiation on in vitro growth of grapevine , 1999, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[5]  R. Campbell,et al.  Plant regeneration from barley callus: Effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and phenylacetic acid , 1995, Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture.

[6]  E. Simion,et al.  Improved plant regeneration from wheat anther and barley microspore culture using phenylacetic acid (PAA) , 1992, Plant Cell Reports.

[7]  S. Andersen,et al.  Nuclear genes affecting percentage of green plants in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) anther culture , 1991, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[8]  I. Potrykus,et al.  Anther Culture and Production of Haploids , 1998 .

[9]  A. G. Ferreira,et al.  PRODUCTION OF ANDROGENETIC BARLEY DOUBLED HAPLOID LINES , 1997 .

[10]  P. Simon,et al.  Gamma Irradiation-induced Variation in Carrots (Daucus carota L.) , 1996 .

[11]  I. Szarejko,et al.  Haploidy and mutation techniques , 1996 .

[12]  E. Keller,et al.  Ovary and ovule culture for haploid production , 1996 .

[13]  T. Thorpe.  In Vitro Embryogenesis in Plants , 1995, Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture.

[14]  R. S. Sadasivaiah,et al.  Effects of media on embryoid induction and plant regeneration from cultured anthers of soft white spring wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) , 1994 .

[15]  D. Sparrow,et al.  Genotype and Environment Strongly Influence Barley Anther Culture Response Using Australian Genotypes , 1993 .

[16]  F. Heidekamp,et al.  Anther and microspore culture of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Igri , 1992 .

[17]  D. Luckett,et al.  Doubled Haploid Production by Anther Culture for Australian Barley Breeding , 1992 .

[18]  L. Albertini,et al.  Effet de l'irradiation des semences d'orge (Hordeum vulgare) sur la croissance des jeunes plantules et la résistance au Drechslera teres , 1991 .

[19]  P. Simon,et al.  The effects of gamma irradiation on the growth and cytology of carrot (Daucus carota L.) tissue culture , 1990 .

[20]  M. AL-Oudat.  Effect of low dose gamma irradiation on onion yield: large scale application. , 1990 .

[21]  Zhi-hong Xu.  Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.): Anther Culture and the Production of Haploids , 1990 .

[22]  S. Knudsen,et al.  Components of response in barley anther culture , 1989 .

[23]  B. Bohanec,et al.  Chromosome counts and karyotype analysis in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) , 1988 .

[24]  C. Hunter.  Plant regeneration from microspores of barley Hordeum vulgare L. , 1988 .

[25]  F. L. Olsen.  Induction of microspore embryogenesis in cultured anthers of hordeum vulgare. The effects of ammonium nitrate, glutamine and asparagine as nitrogen sources , 1987 .

[26]  P. Spiegel-Roy,et al.  Radiosensitivity of shamouti orange (citrus sinensis) seeds and buds , 1973 .

[27]  C. Wardlaw,et al.  Embryogenesis in Plants. , 1956 .