Separating interviewer and sampling-point effects

Inter- viewer Behavior, Survey Sampling Abstract: The data used in empirical social-science research, especially in face-to-face surveys, are often collected in multistage cluster samples. The relative homo- geneity of the clusters selected in this could lead to design eects at the sampling stage. Interview- ers tend to further homogenize answers within the sampling points. The study presented here was de- signed to separate the two sources. Multilevel mod- els had been used to separate interviewer eects and sampling-point eects. Even though one would as- sume that a design eect in questions of "fear of crime in the neighborhood" should be due to spa- tial homogeneity it turned out that, for most of the items, the interviewer takes a far greater share of the homogenized eect than the spatial clustering does.

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