SOCRATES Episode II (synopsis of Cochrane reviews applicable to emergency services Episode II): the return of Series III

Results The reviewers found 20 trials with 1613 participants. There was a marked heterogeneity between the studies, and as a result all the groups were not pooled. In all, 10 of 13 groups showed reduced incidence of use of rescue medication and reduced side effects with NSAIDs. NSAIDs did not reduce the use of opioid but did reduce pain scores. NSAIDs may have fewer side effects than pethidine. There were more side effects with opioids.

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