Laparoscopic (endoscopic) radical prostatectomy: techniques and results

Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is a relatively new technique for treating organ-confined prostate cancer. Recent progress of laparoscopic/endoscopic techniques allow to perform these complex oncological procedure. Since the first description of LRP in the early 1990s the technique has undergone significant technical modifications. Two operation routes were mainly used: the transperitoneal LRP and the extraperitoneal endoscopic radical prostatectomy (EERPE). Here we review the surgical techniques of both operation routes, and highlight results, outcome and complications. The transperitoneal LRP and the EERPE can be used successfully and reproducibly, giving results comparable with those from the open retropubic procedure. Despite many advantages, transperitoneal LRP is associated with potential intraperitoneal complications. The technical improvements of the EERPE completely obviates these complications. The available data are encouraging and promising, but long-term oncological results will define the definitive role of these new techniques. We truly believe that minimally invasive surgery in treating localized prostate cancer has a bright future and that these techniques will continue to be developed.

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