Recognition of Pneumocystis carinii in foals with respiratory distress.

Five 3-month-old foals presenting with fever and respiratory disease were found to have pulmonary abscesses with patchy to diffuse alveolar and interstitial pneumonia on post-mortem examination. All affected foals had evidence of Rhodococcus equi infection and had few to abundant Pneumocystis carinii cysts in the sections of affected lung. Of the 5 foals examined radiographically, 3 had a distinct reticulonodular (miliary) pattern which may aid in the ante-mortem diagnosis of P. carinii pneumonia (PCP). Leukocyte counts of foals with PCP were significantly greater than in the control group of foals with uncomplicated bacterial pneumonia. Foals with PCP tended to be more tachypnoeic than the control foals and 4 of the 5 PCP+ foals appeared dyspnoeic before death. The ante-mortem recognition of PCP may be expedited by bronchoalveolar lavage and successful treatment of foals with PCP may require the administration of adequate levels of potentiated sulphonamides.

[1]  J. Prescott,et al.  Sporadic, severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia of foals. , 1991, The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne.

[2]  D. Libby,et al.  A cluster of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adults without predisposing illnesses. , 1991, The New England journal of medicine.

[3]  P. Walzer.  Pneumocystis carinii--new clinical spectrum? , 1991, The New England journal of medicine.

[4]  Balaan Mr.  Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. , 1990 .

[5]  J. Weissler,et al.  Pulmonary disease in AIDS patients. , 1990, The American journal of the medical sciences.

[6]  W. Borkowsky,et al.  Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants infected with the human immunodeficiency virus with more than 450 CD4 T lymphocytes per cubic millimeter. , 1990, The New England journal of medicine.

[7]  F. Ognibene,et al.  Atypical Pathologic Manifestations of Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia in the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Review of 123 Lung Biopsies from 76 Patients with Emphasis on Cysts, Vascular Invasion, Vasculitis, and Granulomas , 1990, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[8]  R. Davey,et al.  Recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia , 1990, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[9]  D. Mitchell,et al.  AIDS and the lung. 5--Tests giving an aetiological diagnosis in pulmonary disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. , 1990, Thorax.

[10]  K. Cleary,et al.  Spectrum of pathologic manifestations of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with neoplastic diseases. , 1989, Seminars in diagnostic pathology.

[11]  S. Hietala,et al.  Rhodococcus equi foal pneumonia: protective effects of immune plasma in experimentally infected foals. , 1989, Equine veterinary journal.

[12]  M. Sogin,et al.  Ribosomal RNA sequence shows Pneumocystis carinii to be a member of the Fungi , 1988, Nature.

[13]  S. Kamholz,et al.  Rapid noninvasive diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii from induced liquefied sputum. , 1988, Annals of internal medicine.

[14]  P. Hopewell.  Diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. , 1988, Infectious disease clinics of North America.

[15]  J. Prescott,et al.  Protection of foals against experimental Rhodococcus equi pneumonia by oral immunization. , 1987, Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire.

[16]  J. Woolcock,et al.  The immunological response of foals to Rhodococcus equi: a review. , 1987, Veterinary microbiology.

[17]  M. Zink,et al.  Electron microscopic investigation of intracellular events after ingestion of Rhodococcus equi by foal alveolar macrophages. , 1987, Veterinary microbiology.

[18]  J. Yager.  The pathogenesis of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. , 1987, Veterinary microbiology.

[19]  S. Hietala,et al.  Interaction of Rhodococcus equi with phagocytic cells from R. equi-exposed and non-exposed foals. , 1987, Veterinary microbiology.

[20]  G. Maguire,et al.  Roentgenographic patterns of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 104 patients with AIDS. , 1987, Chest.

[21]  G. E. Marrs.  Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a Paso Fino colt , 1987 .

[22]  J. Curtis,et al.  The usefulness of induced sputum in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. , 2015, The American review of respiratory disease.

[23]  J. Wilson,et al.  A Retrospective Study of Proliferative Interstitial Lung Disease of Horses in Florida , 1986, Veterinary pathology.

[24]  J. Golden,et al.  Bronchoalveolar lavage as the exclusive diagnostic modality for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. A prospective study among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. , 1986, Chest.

[25]  M. Zink,et al.  In vitro phagocytosis and killing of Corynebacterium equi by alveolar macrophages of foals. , 1985, American journal of veterinary research.

[26]  G. Carlson,et al.  Clinical and radiographic findings in Corynebacterium equi pneumonia of foals. , 1985, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[27]  J. Roth,et al.  Equine cell-mediated immune response to Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi. , 1984, American journal of veterinary research.

[28]  J. Roth,et al.  Equine humoral immune response to Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi. , 1984, American journal of veterinary research.

[29]  R. Horsey,et al.  The treatment of pneumonia in foals caused by Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi. , 1981, Australian veterinary journal.

[30]  J. Prescott,et al.  Lymphocyte immunostimulation in the diagnosis of Corynebacterium equi pneumonia of foals. , 1980, American journal of veterinary research.

[31]  Botha Ws,et al.  Pneumocystosis: a chronic respiratory distress syndrome in the dog. , 1979 .

[32]  D. J. Schneider,et al.  Canine pneumocystis pneumonia. , 1979, Journal of the South African Veterinary Association.

[33]  L. Perryman,et al.  Maintenance of foals with combined immunodeficiency: causes and control of secondary infections. , 1978, American journal of veterinary research.

[34]  J. Munnell,et al.  Pneumocystis carinii in a Pig , 1977, Veterinary pathology.

[35]  J. Copland.  Canine pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii. , 1974, Australian veterinary journal.

[36]  F. S. Hsu,et al.  Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in two foals. , 1973, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[37]  A. Watson,et al.  Pneumocystis pneumonia in the dog. , 1972, Journal of comparative pathology.

[38]  E. Mcconnell,et al.  Pneumocystosis in a domestic goat. , 1971, The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research.

[39]  E. Goedbloed,et al.  Pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii in a dog. , 1960, Tropical and geographical medicine.