Comparative study of autograft or allograft in primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Between December 1996 and December 2002, we treated 79 patients with arthroscopy-assisted anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions. In 53 patients we used autografts and in 26 patients allografts. Patients were followed up for 38 (12–72) months. The two groups did not differ in preoperative sport activity level. The postoperative Lysholm score was 89.9±8.1 in the autograft group and 84.1±18.6 in the allograft group. Comparing the patients’ Lysholm score according to whether they had a low (1–5) or a high (6–10) postoperative Tegner score, we found no statistically significant difference between the groups. On one occasion, the allograft ruptured during the implantation procedure just prior to the fixation. Postoperatively, we performed three revisions—two in the allograft group and one in the autograft group—and three second-look arthroscopies. There were no bacterial infections and no cases of viral transmission. No immune rejection, resorption, or immunsynovitis occurred during the follow-up.RésuméEntre décembre 1996 et décembre 2002 nous avons traité 79 malades par reconstruction du LCA sous arthroscopie. Chez 53 malades nous avons utilisé une autogreffe et, pour 26, une allogreffe. Les malades ont été suivis 38 mois (12–72). Les deux groupes n’étaient pas différents dans le niveau de l’activité sportive préopératoire. Le score Lysholm postopératoire était de 89,9±8,1 dans le groupe autogreffe et de 84,1±18,6 dans le groupe allogreffe. En comparant le score Lysholm des malades selon qu’ils avaient un score postopératoire de Tegner haut(6–10) ou bas (1–5), nous n’avons pas trouvé de différence significative entre les deux groupes. Dans un cas l’allogreffe s’est rompue pendant la procédure d’implantation, juste avant la fixation. Après l’intervention nous avons fait trois révisions, deux dans le groupe allogreffe et un dans le groupe autogreffe, et trois arthroscopies de seconde vision. Il n’y avait pas d’infection bactérienne, aucuns cas de transmission virale. Aucun rejet immunitaire, résorption ou synovite immune ne se sont produits pendant le suivi.

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