Characteristics of beam loss in compact superconducting cyclotron

Beam loss in a cyclotron may occur due to several reasons, such as, large coherent oscillation, off-centring of the beam, axial blow-up while crossing coupling resonance, vertical shift of the beam due to misalignment of magnetic components or dees, loss of beam-phase with respect to rf phase, as well as degradation of vacuum in beam-chamber. Identifying the actual reason of beam loss is of great importance for the operation of cyclotron so that the same can be taken care of. A practical measurement of beam-current, in most cases, manifests the combined effect of more than one of the above reasons. With this necessity in mind, we have thoroughly analysed the characteristics of different beam-loss phenomena in the superconducting cyclotron at our institute. This paper presents the experimental results showing comprehensively the characteristic features of different types of beam-loss.

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