Designing ground plane to reduce hand effects on mobile handsets

The modification of the ground plane is studied to mitigate user's hand effect of a mobile handset. GSM/DCS band internal antenna is designed on three types of ground plane. Variation of the resonant frequency and radiation efficiency for each case is analyzed by using a hand phantom. From the measured results, the proposed structure of the ground plane in this work can reduce the hand effect compared with the conventional ground plane.