CLOSURE AND GROWTH OF MODE I CRACKS IN BIAXIAL FATIGUE

Abstract— —The closure behavior of mode I fatigue cracks under biaxial loading is studied with an elastic-plastic plane stress finite element model. Biaxial stresses are shown to have a significant impact on crack closure behavior at higher maximum stresses. In general, normalized crack opening stresses are highest for equibiaxial loading and lowest for pure shear loading. The differences are apparently negligible for maximum applied stresses less than about 0.4 σ0. Experimental crack growth data are quantitatively consistent with these trends. Correlations of the experimental data with a simple ΔKeff were successful as first-order engineering estimates. Changes in forward and reversed plastic zone sizes with biaxiality are not entirely consistent with trends in crack growth rates.

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