Repair of UV-induced) Photoproducts in Nucleosome Core DNA (*)

Using radioimmunoassays, we examined rates of removal of UV-induced pyrimidine-pyrimidone) photoproducts ((6-4)PDs) and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) from 146-base pair nucleosome core DNA (and 166-base pair chromatosome DNA) of confluent human diploid fibroblasts. Dose-response experiments indicate that the yield of)PDs in core DNA is about 30% that of CPDs in the UV dose range of 0-200 J/m2. Repair experiments indicate that, at 40 J/m2,)PDs are removed much faster (75% in 2 h) from nucleosome core (and chromatosome) DNA than CPDs (10-15% in 2 h). A slow rate of removal of CPDs is also observed when the UV dose is reduced to 10 J/m2 (i.e. even when the level of CPDs is less than that of)PDs at 40 J/m2). These results indicate that (a) the accessibility of repair proteins to)PDs in nucleosomes is markedly different than their accessibility to CPDs and/or (b) repair enzymes are much more efficient at incising and removing)PDs than CPDs in human chromatin.

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