Multi‐pronged analysis of degradation rates of photovoltaic modules and arrays deployed in Florida

The long-term performance and reliability of photovoltaic (PV) modules and systems are critical metrics for the economic viability of PV as a power source. In this study, the power degradation rates of two identical PV systems deployed in Florida are quantified using the Performance Ratio analytical technique and the translation of power output to an alternative reporting condition of 1000 W m−2 irradiance and cell temperature of 50 °C. We introduce a multi-pronged strategy for quantifying the degradation rates of PV modules and arrays using archived data. This multi-pronged approach utilizes nearby weather stations to validate and, if needed, correct suspect environmental data that can be a problem when sensor calibrations may have drifted. Recent field measurements, including I-V curve measurements of the arrays, visual inspection, and infrared imaging, are then used to further investigate the performance of these systems. Finally, the degradation rates and calculated uncertainties are reported for both systems using the methods described previously. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  Zsófia Osváth,et al.  DOI: 10 , 2011 .

[2]  S. Kurtz,et al.  Measuring degradation rates without irradiance data , 2010, 2010 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference.

[3]  Michael A. Quintana,et al.  Photovoltaic module performance and durability following long-term field exposure , 2008 .

[4]  Remo Guidieri Res , 1995, RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics.

[5]  A. Carr,et al.  A comparison of the performance of different PV module types in temperate climates , 2004 .

[6]  S. Castello,et al.  Long-Term Performance Degradation of c-Si Photovoltaic Modules and Strings , 2010 .

[7]  William C. Wilson,et al.  A Review of PV System Performance and Life-Cycle Costs for the SunSmart Schools Program , 2006 .

[8]  S. Kurtz,et al.  Outdoor PV degradation comparison , 2010, 2010 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference.

[9]  B. Marion,et al.  Performance parameters for grid-connected PV systems , 2005, Conference Record of the Thirty-first IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2005..

[10]  S. Standard GUIDE TO THE EXPRESSION OF UNCERTAINTY IN MEASUREMENT , 2006 .

[11]  A. Reis,et al.  Comparison of PV module performance before and after 11 and 20 years of field exposure , 2002, 2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference.

[12]  E. Dunlop,et al.  The results of performance measurements of field‐aged crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules , 2009 .

[13]  D. Chianese,et al.  Power and energy production of PV modules statistical considerations of 10 years activity , 2003, 3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of.

[14]  N. R. Sorensen,et al.  The effect of metal foil tape degradation on the long-term reliability of PV modules , 2009, 2009 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC).

[15]  Carl R. Osterwald,et al.  Procedure for determining the uncertainty of photovoltaic module outdoor electrical performance ‡ , 2001 .

[16]  D. L. King,et al.  Photovoltaic module performance and durability following long‐term field exposure , 2000 .

[17]  Danny S. Parker,et al.  Very low energy homes in the United States: Perspectives on performance from measured data , 2009 .

[18]  A. Reis,et al.  Comparison of PV module performance before and after 11-years of field exposure , 2002, Conference Record of the Twenty-Ninth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2002..

[19]  H. Moaveni,et al.  Effects of module performance and long-term degradation on economics and energy payback: case study of two different photovoltaic technologies , 2009, Optics + Photonics for Sustainable Energy.

[20]  Manfred Drosg,et al.  Dealing with Uncertainties: A Guide to Error Analysis , 2007 .

[21]  R. N. Elliott,et al.  American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy , 2002 .

[22]  William E. Boyson,et al.  Photovoltaic array performance model. , 2004 .

[23]  K. Otani,et al.  Long‐term performance degradation of various kinds of photovoltaic modules under moderate climatic conditions , 2011 .

[24]  D. L. King,et al.  Diagnostic analysis of silicon photovoltaic modules after 20-year field exposure , 2000, Conference Record of the Twenty-Eighth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 2000 (Cat. No.00CH37036).

[25]  D. L. King,et al.  Sandia National Laboratories , 2000 .

[26]  J. A. Kratochvil,et al.  Applications for infrared imaging equipment in photovoltaic cell, module, and system testing , 2000, Conference Record of the Twenty-Eighth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 2000 (Cat. No.00CH37036).

[27]  J. A. del Cueto,et al.  Comparison of Degradation Rates of Individual Modules Held at Maximum Power , 2006, 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference.

[28]  M. Vázquez,et al.  Photovoltaic module reliability model based on field degradation studies , 2008 .